The Open Group OGEA-101 TOGAF Enterprise Architecture Part 1 Exam (English) Exam Practice Test

According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, risk is present in all phases within the Architecture Development Method (ADM), and it should be identified, classified, and mitigated before starting a transformation effort 1. Risk is defined as “the effect of uncertainty on objectives” 2, and it can have positive or negative impacts on the architecture project. Risk management is a technique that helps to assess and address the potential risks that may affect the achievement of the architecture objectives, and to balance the trade-offs between opportunities and threats. Risk management is applied throughout the ADM cycle, from the Preliminary Phase to the Requirements Management Phase, and it is integrated with other techniques, such as stakeholder management, business transformation readiness assessment, gap analysis, and migration planning 1. The other options are not correct, as they are not present in all phases within the ADM, and they are not necessarily identified, classified, and mitigated before starting a transformation effort. Budgetary constraints are the limitations on the financial resources available for the architecture project, and they are usually considered in Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions, and Phase F: Migration Planning 3. Schedule constraints are the limitations on the time available for the architecture project, and they are also usually considered in Phase E and F 3. Information gaps are the missing or incomplete data or knowledge that may affect the architecture project, and they are usually identified in Phase B: Business Architecture, Phase C: Information Systems Architecture, and Phase D: Technology Architecture . References: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 32: Risk Management. 2: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part I: Introduction, Chapter 3: Definitions. 3: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 16: Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions, and Chapter 17: Phase F: Migration Planning. : TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 13: Phase B: Business Architecture, Chapter 14: Phase C: Information Systems Architecture, and Chapter 15: Phase D: Technology Architecture.

According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, an architecture contract is “a formal agreement between a service provider and a service consumer that defines the mutual commitments and expectations for the delivery of an architecture” 1. An architecture contract is a governed approach of a particular deliverable that will ensure adherence to the principles, standards, and requirements of the existing or developing architectures, as it specifies the roles, responsibilities, deliverables, quality criteria, and acceptance criteria for the architecture work 1. The other options are not correct, as they are not governed approaches of a particular deliverable, but rather different types of deliverables within the architecture development process. An architecture vision is “a high-level, aspirational view of the target architecture” 1. A statement of architecture work is “a document that defines the scope and approach that will be used to complete an architecture project” 1. An architecture definition document is “a document that describes the baseline and target architectures for one or more domains” 1. References: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part I: Introduction, Chapter 3: Definitions.

The Preliminary Phase is the preparatory phase of the Architecture Development Method (ADM) cycle, which sets the context and direction for the architecture work. One of the objectives of this phase is to select and implement tools to support the Architecture Capability, which is the ability of an organization to perform enterprise architecture effectively and efficiently. Tools can include software applications, methods, techniques, standards, and frameworks that assist the architecture development and governance processes. The selection and implementation of tools should be based on the requirements and constraints of the organization, and the alignment with the Architecture Principles and the Architecture Vision3 References: 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 6: Preliminary Phase : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 45: Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 46: Tools for Architecture Development

The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability that meets the needs and expectations of the enterprise’s stakeholders and supports and enables subsequent phases of architecture development and transition. This phase involves defining the scope, principles, framework, and governance for the Enterprise Architecture Capability. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.

TOGAF’s governance guidance distinguishes benefits such as transparency, accountability, and discipline in operating governance processes. Formal TOGAF conformance topics include “The benefits of Architecture Governance,” which include establishing and enforcing processes and controls (discipline) for architecture decision-making and compliance. togaf-cert.opengroup.org

Business scenarios are a technique for capturing, clarifying, and communicating the functional and non-functional requirements of a system. Business scenarios describe the business environment, the actors involved, the desired outcomes, and the processes or rules that govern the behavior of the system. Business scenarios are useful for ensuring that the architecture addresses the real needs and concerns of the stakeholders, and for validating and testing the architecture against expected situations. Business scenarios are developed in Phase A: Architecture Vision of the ADM cycle, and refined and updated throughout the other phases3 References: 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 26: Business Scenarios : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 18: Phase A: Architecture Vision

According to the TOGAF standard, the deliverables that match the descriptions are as follows:

1 Architecture Principles: These are general rules and guidelines, intended to be enduring and seldom amended, that inform and support the way in which an organization sets about fulfilling its mission1. They reflect a level of consensus among the various elements of the enterprise, and form the basis for making future IT decisions1.

2 Architecture Contracts: These are the joint agreements between development partners and sponsors on the deliverables, quality, and fitness-for-purpose of an architecture2. They are used to ensure that the architecture is implemented and governed according to the agreed-upon specifications and standards2.

3 Request for Architecture Work: This is a document that is sent from the sponsoring organization to the architecture organization to trigger the start of an architecture development cycle3. It defines the scope, schedule, budget, deliverables, and stakeholders of the architecture project3.

4 Architecture Requirements Specification: This is a set of quantitative statements that outline what an implementation project must do in order to comply with the architecture4. It defines the requirements for each architecture domain, as well as the relationships and dependencies among them4.

 1: Architecture Principles 2: Architecture Contracts 3: Request for Architecture Work 4: Architecture Requirements Specification

Phase B of the ADM cycle is the Business Architecture phase. It describes the development of a Business Architecture to support an agreed Architecture Vision. The objectives of this phase are to describe the baseline and target Business Architecture, identify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based on gaps between the baseline and target, and determine whether an incremental approach is required. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2.2 Phase B: Business Architecture.

The statement illustrates iteration and the ADM. Iteration is the technique of repeating a process or a phase with the aim of improving or refining the outcome. Iteration allows for feedback loops and adaptations at any point in the architecture development and transition process. Separate projects may operate their own ADM cycles concurrently, with relationships between the different projects, to address different aspects or levels of the architecture in an iterative manner. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.1 Introduction to the ADM.

The Business Transformation Readiness Assessment technique is used to evaluate the readiness of the organization to undergo change and to identify the actions needed to increase the likelihood of a successful business transformation. These actions should be incorporated in the Implementation and Migration Plan, which is the detailed plan to transition from the Baseline Architecture to the Target Architecture. The Implementation and Migration Plan also includes the Transition Architectures, the Architecture Building Blocks, the Work Packages, the Implementation Governance Model, and the Architecture Contract12 References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 27: Business Transformation Readiness Assessment 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 21: Phase F: Migration Planning

In TOGAF, draft deliverables are those that are not yet finished or approved. They are work-in-progress versions that may have version numbers like 0.1, 0.5, or 0.9.

Once reviewed and approved, they become final deliverables.

The Enterprise Continuum provides methods for classifying architecture artifacts as they evolve from generic architectures to Organization-Specific Architectures. Generic architectures are architectures that have been developed for use across a wide range of enterprises with similar characteristics. They provide common models, functions, and services that can be reused and adapted for specific purposes. Organization-Specific Architectures are architectures that have been tailored to meet the needs and requirements of a particular enterprise or a major organizational unit within an enterprise. They reflect the unique vision, goals, culture, structure, processes, systems, and technologies of that enterprise or unit. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 2.3 Enterprise Continuum.

According to the TOGAF Standard, an architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns1. An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for a particular kind of architecture view1. Presenting different architecture views and architecture viewpoints to stakeholders helps architects to extract hidden agendas, principles, and requirements that could impact the final target architecture. This is because different stakeholders may have different concerns and interests in the system, and by showing them how the system addresses their concerns from different perspectives, the architects can elicit more feedback and validation from them2. For example, a business stakeholder may be interested in the business architecture view, which focuses on the business processes, functions, and capabilities of the system3. A security stakeholder may be interested in the enterprise security view, which addresses the security aspects of the system, such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability3. By presenting these views to the respective stakeholders, the architects can ensure that the system meets their expectations and needs, and also identify any potential issues or gaps that may affect the target architecture. References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architectural Artifacts - The Open Group1; 2: Understanding TOGAF Views and Viewpoints in Enterprise Architecture2; 3: Developing Architecture Views - The Open Group4

According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, the Preliminary Phase of the Architecture Development Method (ADM) has the purpose to develop an Enterprise Architecture Capability 1. An Enterprise Architecture Capability is the ability of the organization to perform the activities and tasks related to Enterprise Architecture, such as defining the scope, principles, vision, governance, and stakeholders of the architecture. The Preliminary Phase also establishes the architecture framework, the architecture repository, the architecture tools, and the architecture team 1. The other options are not correct, as they have different purposes in the ADM. Phase G: Implementation Governance has the purpose to ensure that the implementation projects conform to the target architecture 2. Phase A: Architecture Vision has the purpose to define the scope, stakeholders, business drivers, and objectives of the architecture project 3. Phase B: Business Architecture has the purpose to describe the baseline and target business architecture, and to identify the gaps between them . References: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 6: Preliminary Phase. 2: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 18: Phase G: Implementation Governance. 3: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 12: Phase A: Architecture Vision. : TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 13: Phase B: Business Architecture.

The chart shown is a Gantt chart, which is commonly used for project management to illustrate a project schedule. In the context of TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework), which is a framework for enterprise architecture, this Gantt chart is demonstrating the sequenced approach to the Architecture Development Method (ADM). The ADM is the core process of TOGAF which provides a tested and repeatable process for developing architectures. The ADM is described as being iterative, over the whole process, between phases, and within phases. For each iteration of the ADM, a fresh decision must be taken about each of the parameters (scope, granularity, time period, and architecture assets).

The ADM consists of a number of phases that have to be followed in sequence:

Preliminary Phase: Framework and principles

Phase A: Architecture Vision

Phase B: Business Architecture

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures, including Data and Application Architectures

Phase D: Technology Architecture

Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions

Phase F: Migration Planning

Phase G: Implementation Governance

Phase H: Architecture Change Management

Requirements Management

Each phase is dependent on the outputs of the previous phase and the Requirements Management phase runs throughout. The Gantt chart clearly shows the dependency and sequence in which these phases occur, implying that a structured approach is followed to produce the enterprise architecture.

The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, a standard of The Open Group

The TOGAF documentation available at https://publications.opengroup.org/standards/architecture and https://publications.opengroup.org/guides/architecture

“The Content Metamodel defines a formal structure for these terms to ensure consistency within the architecture description…” A metamodel used across the enterprise enables consistency and completeness checking of the architecture description against the defined structure. Open Group Publications

“TOGAF defines **‘enterprise’ as any collection of organizations that has a common set of goals. For example, an enterprise could be a government agency, a whole corporation, a division of a corporation, a single department, or a chain of geographically distant organizations linked together by common ownership.” www.opengroup.org

The TOGAF Content Framework exists to give a detailed model of architectural work products—including deliverables, the artifacts within them, and the architectural building blocks those artifacts represent. The fundamental intent of embedding a Content Framework in TOGAF is to drive greater consistency in the outputs produced when following the Architecture Development Method (ADM). That means regardless of who is doing the architecture work, or in which phase of ADM, the types of outputs, their structure, classification (deliverable → artifact → building block), naming, and relationships remain consistent across the organisation. This structured model ensures that architecture work is systematic, standardised, and comparable across different projects or cycles. It is not primarily a mechanism for storage (that’s the role of the repository), nor is it only about addressing IT concerns or preventing gaps — its primary purpose is standardising architecture outputs to support clear communication, reuse, and governance across the enterprise

Statements 1 and 3 highlight the value and necessity for Architecture Governance to be adopted within organizations. Architecture Governance is the practice and orientation by which Enterprise Architectures and other architectures are managed and controlled at an enterprise-wide level12. It ensures that architectural decisions are aligned with the organization’s strategy, objectives, and standards. Architecture Governance also involves establishing and maintaining processes, decision-making, and mechanisms to avoid or minimize potential conflicts of interest, such as between different stakeholders, business units, or projects34. Moreover, Architecture Governance requires transparency and accountability for all actions implemented and their decision support, so that they can be inspected and evaluated by authorized parties, such as auditors, regulators, or customers5 . References:

•The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Governance - The Open Group

•Architecture Governance - The Open Group

•Tutorial: Governance in TOGAF’s Architecture Development Method (ADM)

•Architecture Governance in TOGAF: Ensuring Effective Management and Compliance

•The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Definitions - The Open Group

•[Architecture Governance in TOGAF: Ensuring Alignment and Control]

These domains provide a consistent way to describe and understand the architecture from different perspectives, such as business, information, and technology12. Each domain has its own set of concepts, models, views, and artifacts that define the structure and behavior of the architecture within that domain12.

The other options are incorrect because:

•Logical and Physical are not architecture domains, but rather levels of abstraction that can be applied to any domain. Logical architecture describes the functionality and behavior of the system, while physical architecture describes the implementation and deployment of the system3.

•Information and Data are not distinct architecture domains, but rather aspects of the same domain. Information architecture describes the meaning and context of the data, while data architecture describes the structure and format of the data4.

•Capability and Segment are not architecture domains, but rather levels of granularity that can be applied to any domain. Capability architecture describes the current and desired states of a specific business capability, while segment architecture describes a subdivision of the enterprise that has a clear business focus5.

A business scenario describes business and technology environment in which those problems occur. It provides a realistic context for identifying and addressing business problems and opportunities, as well as their impact on the enterprise’s architecture. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.1 Business Scenarios.

business and technology environment in which those problems occur https://pubs.opengroup.org/togaf-standard/business-architecture/business-scenarios.html#_Toc68617078 "

A Business Scenario is a uniform description of: - Real business problems - The business and technology environment in which those problems occur - Value streams enabled by capabilities - The desired outcome(s) of proper execution - The human and computing components (the “actors”) who provide the capabilities"

•Phase A: Architecture Vision

oDevelop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture

oDefine the scope and boundaries of the architecture engagement

oIdentify the key stakeholders and their concerns and expectations

oDefine the Architecture Vision statement and the Architecture Definition Document

oObtain approval and commitment from the sponsors and stakeholders

•Phase B: Business Architecture

oDevelop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals

oDefine the Baseline Business Architecture, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Business Architectures

oDefine candidate roadmap components for the Business Architecture

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

•Phase C: Information Systems Architecture

oDevelop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDevelop the Target Application Architecture that supports the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDefine the Baseline Data and Application Architectures, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Data and Application Architectures

oDefine candidate roadmap components for the Information Systems Architecture

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

•Phase D: Technology Architecture

oDevelop the Target Technology Architecture that enables the Information Systems Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDefine the Baseline Technology Architecture, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

oIdentify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based upon gaps between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

Therefore, the correct matching of the objectives and the phases is:

•1C: Develop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

•2B: Develop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals

•3A: Develop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture

•4D: Identify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based upon gaps between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

A content metamodel is a formal structure that defines the types of entities and relationships that are used to capture, store, filter, query, and represent architectural information in a way that supports consistency, completeness, and traceability12.

A stakeholder map is a tool that identifies and analyzes the key stakeholders and their interests, influence, and expectations in relation to the architecture3. It is not used to structure architectural information, but rather to understand the stakeholder needs and concerns.

An architecture framework is a set of principles, guidelines, standards, and tools that provide a common structure and methodology for developing architectures4. It is not used to structure architectural information, but rather to guide the architecture development process and ensure alignment with the business strategy and objectives.

An EA library is a repository that stores and manages the architecture artifacts, deliverables, and other relevant information produced and consumed during the architecture development and governance. It is not used to structure architectural information, but rather to provide access, security, and version control for the architecture content.

 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Content Metamodel 2: TOGAF 9.2 Content Metamodel Framework - A Quick Guide - KnowledgeHut 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Stakeholder Management 4: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Framework : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Repository

Building blocks are reusable components of business, IT, or architectural capability that can be combined to deliver architectures and solutions. Building blocks can be defined at various levels of detail, depending on the stage of architecture development. In the earlier phases of the ADM cycle (A to D), building blocks are defined in generic terms, such as logical or physical, to provide a high-level view of the architecture. In Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions, building blocks become implementation-specific, meaning that they are linked to specific products, standards, technologies, and vendors that are available in the market. This phase also identifies the delivery vehicles, such as projects, programs, or portfolios, that will realize the building blocks12 References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 23: Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part IV: Architecture Content Framework, Chapter 36: Building Blocks

Business principles business goals, and business drivers provide context for architecture work, by describing the needs and ways of working employed by the enterprise. They define what the enterprise wants to achieve, how it wants to operate, and what factors influence its decisions and actions. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation

Gap Analysis is an ADM technique used in Phases B, C, and D of the TOGAF ADM (Business, Information Systems, and Technology Architectures).

Its main purpose is to validate the target architecture by comparing the Baseline Architecture with the Target Architecture and identifying:

Gaps (building blocks or capabilities present in the target but missing in the baseline).

Overlaps (building blocks duplicated across architectures).

Conflicts (inconsistencies between baseline and target).

The output of Gap Analysis provides:

A validated Target Architecture.

A set of identified gaps that must be addressed by future work packages in Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions.

Therefore, the purpose of Gap Analysis is best expressed as to validate the architecture (Answer D).

Why the other options are incorrect

A. Establish quality metrics for the architecture: This is part of performance management and governance, not Gap Analysis.

B. Identify non-functional requirements: Non-functional requirements are captured through requirements management and stakeholder analysis, not Gap Analysis.

C. Determine service levels: Service levels are typically defined in SLAs and operational models, not through Gap Analysis.

References

The Open Group, TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines & Techniques — Gap Analysis.

The Open Group, TOGAF® 9 Certified Study Guide — explains the role of Gap Analysis in validating architectures and identifying work package inputs.

When considering agile development, Architecture to Support Project will identify what products the enterprise needs, the boundary of the products, and what constraints a product owner has. This defines the enterprise’s backlog. A backlog is a list of features or tasks that need to be done to deliver a product or service. It is prioritized by the product owner based on the value and urgency of each item. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.5 Architecture to Support Project.

The objectives listed in the question correspond to the objectives of different phases of the TOGAF ADM (Architecture Development Method), which is a method for developing and managing an enterprise architecture1.

The ADM consists of nine phases, each with a specific purpose and output. The phases are1:

Preliminary Phase: To prepare and initiate the architecture development cycle, including defining the architecture framework, principles, and governance.

Phase A: Architecture Vision: To define the scope, vision, and stakeholders of the architecture initiative, and to obtain approval to proceed.

Phase B: Business Architecture: To describe the baseline and target business architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures: To describe the baseline and target data and application architectures, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase D: Technology Architecture: To describe the baseline and target technology architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions: To identify and evaluate the opportunities and solutions for implementing the target architecture, and to define the work packages and transition architectures.

Phase F: Migration Planning: To finalize the implementation and migration plan, and to ensure alignment with the enterprise portfolio and project management.

Phase G: Implementation Governance: To provide architecture oversight and guidance for the implementation projects, and to manage any architecture change requests.

Phase H: Architecture Change Management: To monitor the changes in the business and technology environment, and to assess the impact and performance of the architecture.

Based on the above definitions, we can match each objective with the corresponding phase as follows:

Objective 1: Develop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision. This objective is achieved in Phase C: Information Systems Architectures, where the data architecture is defined as a subset of the information systems architecture2.

Objective 2: Develop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals. This objective is achieved in Phase B: Business Architecture, where the business architecture is defined as a subset of the enterprise architecture3.

Objective 3: Develop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture. This objective is achieved in Phase A: Architecture Vision, where the architecture vision is defined as a high-level description of the target architecture and its benefits4.

Objective 4: Develop the Target Application Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision, in a way that addresses the Statement of Architecture Work and stakeholder concerns. This objective is achieved in Phase C: Information Systems Architectures, where the application architecture is defined as a subset of the information systems architecture2.

1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 5: Architecture Development Method (ADM)

2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 9: Phase C: Information Systems Architectures

3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 8: Phase B: Business Architecture

4: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 7: Phase A: Architecture Vision

The planning horizon, depth, and breadth of an Architecture Project, along with the contents of the EA Repository, are typically framed by Strategy, Portfolio, Segment, and End-to-end Target Architecture. The 'Segment' refers to a part of the organization, typically addressed in a Segment Architecture, while 'End-to-end Target Architecture' encompasses the complete view of the planned architecture across the entire organization.

The purpose of the Architecture Roadmap is to provide a high-level view of how the Baseline Architecture will transition to the Target Architecture over time. It lists work packages on a timeline showing progress towards the Target Architecture, as well as dependencies, risks, and benefits. The Architecture Roadmap forms part of the Implementation and Migration Plan and guides the execution of the architecture projects. References: https://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/chap20.html

Ensuring compliance with internal and external standards and regulatory obligations is one of the activities included as part of Architecture Governance. Architecture Governance is the practice and orientation by which enterprise architectures and other architectures are managed and controlled at an enterprise-wide level. It involves establishing processes, roles, responsibilities, policies, and standards to ensure that architectures are aligned with the enterprise’s strategy and objectives, and meet the quality and performance requirements. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.6 Architecture Governance.

In the TOGAF Standard, the concept of an Enterprise Architecture is broken into several primary architecture domains. These domains provide a structured way to describe the enterprise from multiple perspectives that collectively support transformation and governance. TOGAF specifies four core architecture domains: Business Architecture, Data Architecture, Application Architecture, and Technology Architecture. These domains, when combined, form a comprehensive view of how the enterprise functions, how information flows, how systems interact, and what technologies support the organization.

Among the choices provided, only Business and Technology are officially recognized architecture domains in TOGAF. The Business Architecture describes business strategy, governance, organization, and key processes. The Technology Architecture defines the logical and physical technology infrastructure necessary to support mission-critical applications and data. The other answer options do not represent TOGAF architecture domains; for example, “Strategy,” “Vision,” “Target,” or “Digital” are not formal architecture domains in TOGAF. Thus, the pair that correctly identifies subsets of an enterprise architecture according to the TOGAF framework is Business and Technology Architecture.

The objective of the ADM Implementation Governance Phase is to provide an architectural oversight of the implementation and to ensure conformance for the target architecture. This phase involves establishing procedures and processes to monitor and control the implementation projects and to verify that they comply with the defined architecture. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2.7 Phase G: Implementation Governance.

“There are two levels of risk that should be considered namely: Initial Level of Risk [and] Residual Level of Risk.” archive.opengroup.org

The Implications section describes the impact of adhering to the principle on the organization, the processes, the information systems, and the technology23. It also identifies the changes, costs, and risks that may result from applying the principle23. The Implications section helps to communicate the benefits and consequences of the principle to the stakeholders and to guide the implementation and governance of the architecture23.

The other sections of the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles are1:

•Name: This section provides a short and memorable name for the principle that represents its essence and purpose23. The name should not mention any specific technology or solution23.

•Statement: This section provides a concise and formal definition of the principle that expresses the fundamental rule or constraint that the principle imposes23. The statement should be clear, unambiguous, and testable23.

•Rationale: This section provides the reasoning and justification for the principle, explaining why it is important and how it supports the business goals and drivers23. The rationale should also link the principle to the higher-level enterprise or IT principles that it elaborates on23.

The TOGAF standard covers the development of four architecture domains: Business, Data, Technology and Application. These domains represent different aspects of an enterprise’s architecture and provide a consistent way of describing, analyzing, and designing them. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 2.2 Architecture Development Method (ADM).

 In the ADM documents which are under development and have not undergone any formal review and approval process are called “draft”. This indicates that they are subject to change and refinement as the architecture development progresses. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 4.2.5 Architecture Deliverables.

Phase G: Implementation Governance provides architectural oversight of the implementation. It ensures that the implementation conforms to the Target Architecture using Architecture Contracts and governance frameworks.

Phase H: Architecture Change Management is about maintaining the architecture lifecycle and handling new requirements, not direct implementation oversight.

Preliminary Phase is about setting up the architecture capability.

Phase A is about developing the Architecture Vision.

The Architecture Requirements Repository stores all the requirements that are output of the architecture development cycle, as well as the requirements that are input to the architecture development cycle1. The Architecture Requirements Repository includes the following types of requirements1:

•Stakeholder Requirements: These are the high-level requirements and expectations of the stakeholders, derived from the business drivers, goals, and objectives. They are captured and refined in the Architecture Vision phase and the Requirements Management phase.

•Architecture Requirements: These are the detailed requirements that specify what the architecture must do or deliver to meet the stakeholder requirements. They are derived and refined in the Business, Information Systems, and Technology Architecture phases.

•Implementation and Migration Requirements: These are the detailed requirements that specify what the implementation and migration projects must do or deliver to realize the architecture. They are derived and refined in the Opportunities and Solutions and Migration Planning phases.

The Architecture Requirements Repository is used to manage the architecture requirements throughout the architecture lifecycle, ensuring their traceability, consistency, and compliance1. The Architecture Board is the authority that reviews and approves the architecture requirements, as well as the architecture deliverables and artifacts, as part of the architecture governance process2.

This statement best supports the need to govern Enterprise Architecture. Best practice governance enables the organization to control value realization by ensuring that architectures are aligned with the enterprise’s strategy and objectives, meet the quality and performance requirements, and deliver the expected benefits and outcomes. The Architecture Project does not mandate the governance of the target architecture, but rather follows the governance framework established by the enterprise. The TOGAF standard can be used without executive governance, but it is recommended that executive sponsorship and support are obtained for successful architecture development and transition. The Stakeholders preferences may go beyond the architecture project scope and need control, but this is not the primary reason for governing Enterprise Architecture. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.6 Architecture Governance.