Salesforce CRT-450 Salesforce Certified Platform Developer 1 (SP25) Exam Practice Test

Why Controller?

A customcontrollerallows:

Complex validation involving multiple objects.

Redirection to another Visualforce page upon success.

Controllers can implement custom save logic and redirect usingPageReference.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Apex: Apex is the underlying programming language, but a controller specifically handles the Visualforce logic.

B. Trigger: Triggers execute on DML events, not on button clicks in Visualforce.

D. Extension: Extensions enhance standard controllers but are not necessary here since a custom controller is being built.

Why Lightning Pages?

The Lightning Component framework is designed for building responsive Lightning Pages.

Allows for dynamic and modular development.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Salesforce Classic does not support Lightning Components.

C: JavaScript buttons are replaced by Quick Actions in Lightning Experience.

D: While integrations are possible, the framework is not primarily used for integrations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In Lightning Web Components, to cache the results of Apex methods on the client side, the Apex method should be annotated with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true). This enables the Lightning Data Service to cache the method's response, improving performance by reducing server calls.

TheLimitsclass in Apex provides methods to check the consumption of governor limits, such as the number of SOQL queries, DML statements, and heap size used.

Example:

Integer dmlStatements = Limits.getDMLStatements();

Integer dmlLimit = Limits.getLimitDMLStatements();

Not Suitable:

Option A:OrgLimitsis not an Apex class.

Option C:Messagingdeals with email and messaging operations.

Option D:Exceptionis for handling exceptions, not tracking resource usage.

Limits Class

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

To determine the most efficient SOQL statement for retrieving Contact records where the related Account’s Industry is 'Technology', along with their associated Job_Application__c records, we need to analyze the object relationships, SOQL syntax, and relationship names. Let’s break down the problem and evaluate each option systematically, referencing Salesforce’s official documentation.

Understanding the Object Relationships:

Job_Application__c and Contact: The Job_Application__c custom object has a master-detail relationship with the Contact object, where Contact is the master. In a master-detail relationship, the child (Job_Application__c) records are dependent on the parent (Contact) records. The Salesforce Data Model documentation states: “In a master-detail relationship, the detail record inherits security and ownership from the master record” (Salesforce Object Reference Guide, Relationships).

Contact and Account: The Contact object has a standard lookup relationship with the Account object (via the AccountId field). This allows a Contact to be associated with an Account, and we can access Account fields in SOQL queries using the relationship name Account. The Salesforce Object Reference Guide confirms: “The AccountId field on Contact references the Account object, and the relationship name is Account” (Salesforce Object Reference Guide, Contact Object).

Requirement: The query must:

Retrieve Contact records where the related Account’s Industry field equals 'Technology'.

Include the related Job_Application__c records for each Contact.

Be efficient and syntactically correct based on Salesforce SOQL standards.

SOQL Relationship Query Basics:

Parent-to-Child Queries: To retrieve child records (Job_Application__c) along with parent records (Contact), we use a subquery in the SELECT clause with the relationship name. The Apex Developer Guide states: “For custom objects in a master-detail relationship, the relationship name for the child is typically the plural form of the object name with __r (e.g., Job_Applications__r)” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, SOQL Relationship Queries).

Accessing Parent Fields: To filter on a parent object’s field (e.g., Account’s Industry), we use the relationship name (e.g., Account.Industry). The SOQL and SOSL Reference Guide notes: “In a lookup relationship, use the parent object’s API name (e.g., Account) followed by the field name” (Salesforce SOQL and SOSL Reference Guide, Relationship Queries).

Efficiency: The most efficient query minimizes the number of fields retrieved, uses correct relationship names, and avoids syntax errors. All options retrieve only Id fields, so efficiency depends on correct syntax and relationship names.

Analyzing the Relationship Name for Job_Application__c:

In a master-detail relationship, the child object (Job_Application__c) has a relationship field pointing to the parent (Contact). The relationship name for accessing child records from the parent is typically the plural form of the child object’s name with __r. For a custom object named Job_Application__c, the standard relationship name is Job_Applications__r. The Salesforce Apex Developer Guide explains: “For custom objects, the relationship name is usually the object name pluralized, with __r appended” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Understanding Relationship Names).

However, the exact relationship name depends on the field definition. If the master-detail field on Job_Application__c was created with a custom relationship name, it could differ, but the question does not specify a custom name. Therefore, we assume the default naming convention, making Job_Applications__r the correct relationship name for the subquery.

Evaluating the Options:

A. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications__r) FROM Contact WHERE Accounts.Industry = 'Technology']

Subquery: Uses Job_Applications__r, which is likely the correct relationship name for Job_Application__c child records, assuming standard naming conventions.

WHERE Clause: Uses Accounts.Industry, which is incorrect. The relationship name for the Account object from Contact is Account (singular), not Accounts. The SOQL and SOSL Reference Guide states: “The relationship name for the Account object from Contact is Account” (Salesforce SOQL and SOSL Reference Guide, Relationship Queries). Using Accounts results in a SOQL syntax error: “No such field Accounts on entity Contact.”

Conclusion: Incorrect due to the invalid Accounts.Industry reference.

B. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Application__c) FROM Contact WHERE Accounts.Industry = 'Technology']

Subquery: Uses Job_Application__c, which is the object’s API name, not the relationship name. In SOQL parent-to-child queries, the subquery must use the relationship name (e.g., Job_Applications__r), not the object name. The Apex Developer Guide notes: “In a subquery, use the relationship name, not the object name” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, SOQL Relationship Queries). Using Job_Application__c causes a SOQL syntax error: “No such relationship Job_Application__c on Contact.”

WHERE Clause: Uses Accounts.Industry, which, as noted, is incorrect due to the invalid relationship name Accounts.

Conclusion: Incorrect due to both the invalid subquery (Job_Application__c) and the incorrect Accounts.Industry reference.

C. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Application__c) FROM Contact WHERE Account.Industry = 'Technology']

Subquery: Uses Job_Application__c, which is incorrect for the same reason as option B. The subquery must use the relationship name (Job_Applications__r), not the object name, resulting in a SOQL syntax error.

WHERE Clause: Uses Account.Industry, which is correct. The relationship name for the Account object from Contact is Account, and Industry is a valid field on Account. The Salesforce Object Reference Guide confirms: “Industry is a picklist field on the Account object” (Salesforce Object Reference Guide, Account Object).

Conclusion: Incorrect due to the invalid subquery (Job_Application__c), despite the correct Account.Industry reference.

D. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications__r) FROM Contact WHERE Account.Industry = 'Technology']

Subquery: Uses Job_Applications__r, which is the correct relationship name for accessing Job_Application__c child records from the Contact parent, assuming standard naming conventions.

WHERE Clause: Uses Account.Industry, which is correct, as it properly references the Account object’s Industry field via the Account relationship.

Conclusion: Correct, as it uses the proper relationship name for the subquery and the correct syntax for filtering on the Account’s Industry field.

Why Option D is Correct:

Option D is the most efficient and syntactically correct because:

It uses the correct relationship name (Job_Applications__r) for the parent-to-child subquery, adhering to Salesforce’s naming conventions for master-detail relationships.

It correctly references the Account’s Industry field using Account.Industry, aligning with the standard lookup relationship between Contact and Account.

It retrieves only the necessary fields (Id for Contact and Id for Job_Application__c), ensuring efficiency.

It satisfies the requirement to retrieve Contact records where the Account’s Industry is 'Technology' and includes related Job_Application__c records.

Potential Typos or Ambiguities:

The question is clear, with no obvious typos. However, the relationship name Job_Applications__r assumes the default pluralized naming convention. If the master-detail field on Job_Application__c was created with a custom relationship name (e.g., Applications__r), the correct answer could differ. Since the question does not specify a custom name, we follow the standard convention (Job_Applications__r).

The field Industry on Account is a standard picklist field, and 'Technology' is a common default value, so no issues arise there.

Example for Clarity:

The SOQL query in option D would look like:

apex

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List contacts = [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications__r)

FROM Contact

WHERE Account.Industry = 'Technology'];

for (Contact c : contacts) {

System.debug('Contact: ' + c.Id);

for (Job_Application__c ja : c.Job_Applications__r) {

System.debug('Job Application: ' + ja.Id);

}

}

This query retrieves all Contacts where the related Account’s Industry is 'Technology' and includes their Job_Application__c records via the subquery. The results can be iterated to access both Contact and Job_Application__c data.

The provided code attempts to update allLeadrecords in an environment with more than 2,000 records. This will likely exceed the governor limit for the total number of records processed in DML statements, which is 10,000 per transaction. To avoid this, the developer can useDatabase.updatewith batching logic.

In Aura components:

B. Renderer:Contains custom rendering logic.

C. Controller:Manages user interaction and component events.

E. Helper:Contains reusable JavaScript functions for logic.

 Option B:Custom events in LWC allow data to be passed using thedetailproperty of theCustomEventobject. This is the recommended way to pass data in a custom event.

When writing test classes, accessing the Standard Price Book is essential for creatingOpportunityLineItemrecords.

The methodTest.getStandardPricebookId()is specifically designed to retrieve the Standard Price Book ID in a test class context. This ensures you can work with the price book without requiring@isTest(SeeAllData=true).

Why not other options?

B:@isTest(SeeAllData=true)is not recommended because it violates Salesforce best practices by accessing actual org data.

C:@TestVisibleis used for visibility between classes but does not relate to retrieving Standard Price Book.

D:Test.loadData()loads test data from static resources but is unnecessary for accessing the Standard Price Book.

Salesforce Testing Framework

Apex Testing Best Practices

Option A: Thetag ensures that scripts are loaded only once, even if referenced multiple times.

Option D: The tag allows you to specify the order of scripts to ensure dependencies are loaded correctly.

Option E: Externally hosted scripts can be loaded using thescriptsattribute.

Not Suitable:

Option B (Loading scripts in parallel): Scripts are loaded sequentially to ensure proper dependency handling.

Option C (Loading Files from Documents): Files must be hosted externally or in static resources, not in Documents.

ltng:require Documentation

A roll-up summary field is the best practice for aggregating values (e.g., sum, count, or average) from child records in a master-detail relationship. This feature automatically calculates the sum of all Order Line item totals and displays it on the parent Order record.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

When preventing the creation of records using business logic in an Apex trigger, it’s crucial to do it in a before insert trigger context so the records are not committed to the database. The method should be called using trigger.new (case-sensitive) which references the list of new records being inserted.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

B (Correct):Apex methods exposed toFlowmust be:

Static

Annotated with @InvocableMethod

Accept aListof parameters (for bulkification)

Return aList of custom class objects

This method signature supports Flow Builder’s bulk processing model, which is required in enterprise scenarios where the Flow might process multiple records.

In Visualforce, to specify a standard controller for a custom object, the syntax iscontroller="ObjectName__c".

To add custom functionality, you can use anextensionsattribute to include a controller extension.

Why not other options?

A: The correct syntax iscontroller, notstandardController, for custom objects.

BandC: These are syntactically incorrect.

Visualforce Pages Documentation

The@RestResourceannotation exposes an Apex class as a RESTful web service. TheurlMappingparameter defines the endpoint's URL.

To override the Edit button in both Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience:

Use aVisualforce pagefor Salesforce Classic.

Use aLightning componentfor Lightning Experience by configuring the Lightning override.

Why@TestSetup?

The@TestSetupannotation creates a baseline set of test data once per test class.

Test methods reuse this data, avoiding the need to recreate it repeatedly, which improves efficiency.

Why Not Other Options?

A: HttpCalloutMock is used for mocking callouts, not for creating test data.

C: UsingseeAllData=trueis discouraged because it relies on org data, violating test isolation principles.

D: While creating data inTest.startTest()works, it is less efficient than@TestSetupfor shared data.

Unit Test Scenarios:

Option Bis valid becausegetContentAsPDF()can generate PDF content for testing purposes.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Unit tests cannot execute anonymous Apex as a different user.

C: Unit tests cannot perform callouts unless mock responses are provided.

D: TheSystem.createdDatefield cannot be set manually in unit tests.

Why Change Sets?

Change Sets are the recommended and simplest way to deploy metadata, including Apex code and Lightning Components, from Sandbox to Production.

Why Not Other Options?

A: The Force.com IDE is deprecated.

B: The Ant Migration Tool is more suitable for complex deployments but not necessary for standard Sandbox-to-Production migration.

D: Salesforce CLI is effective for deployment but requires scripting expertise, making Change Sets easier for most users.

The Lightning Out library allows a Lightning Web Component to be embedded in a Visualforce page. This approach is the most suitable to make the LWC accessible in Salesforce Classic.

Using a formula field is the most efficient solution to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets. It minimizes maintenance overhead by dynamically calculating the value based on the existing roll-up summary fields.

Example Formula:

Total_Rejected_Timesheets__c / Total_Approved_Timesheets__c

The variableisOKis declared but not initialized, so its value isnull. Theif-elseconditions check for specific values ofisOK(trueorfalse), but since it isnull, none of those conditions are satisfied. The program defaults to theelseblock, assigning4tox.

Why Prebuilt Components?

The Lightning Component Framework includes a library of prebuilt components, which developers can use to build applications faster.

Why Not Other Options?

A: The framework is exclusive to Lightning Experience, not Classic UI.

C: The framework does not provide templates but focuses on reusable components.

D: Extended governor limits are not provided by the framework.

When multiple triggers are associated with the same object and event, Salesforce does not guarantee the order of execution. This is why it is a best practice to consolidate all logic into a single trigger per object and control execution order using helper classes.

Why External ID?

The Order Number is used to identify records uniquely, both in Salesforce and in external systems.

Marking it as anExternal IDensures it can be matched or referenced during data imports and integrations.

Why Unique?

Setting the field as Unique ensures that duplicate values are not allowed for the Order Number.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Indirect Lookup: Used for external object relationships, which is not applicable here.

B. Direct Lookup: Not relevant for unique field identification.

D. Lookup: Used for creating relationships, not for identifying unique fields.

To test Apex code that makes HTTP callouts, Salesforce provides theHTTPCalloutMockinterface. Developers create a test class that implementsHTTPCalloutMockto define the fake response that will be returned when the callout is executed during the test.

This ensures that tests do not depend on the availability or behavior of the external system.

Why not other options?

BandC: These are not relevant for testing HTTP callouts.

D: There is no concept of extendingHTTPCalloutMock. It is implemented, not extended.

Apex Testing for HTTP Callouts

A: Thesave()method in the custom controller must be tested to ensure it works as intended and redirects to the correct page.

B: Setting parameters viaApexPages.currentPage().getParameters()is crucial to test scenarios where user input or URL parameters drive logic.

D: UsingTest.setCurrentPage(pageRef)is essential for simulating page context in unit tests.

Why not other options?

C: This statement does not belong to testing a custom controller.

B (second occurrence): It appears to be incorrectly formatted in the question.

Testing Apex Controllers

Best practices in Apex development for triggers and service layers include:

Avoiding DML operations and queries in loops.

Handling bulk processing efficiently.

Option A ensures compliance by performing all updates at the end, reducing the risk of hitting governor limits.

Upload the SVG file as astatic resourcein Salesforce.

Import it in the LWC JavaScript file and define it as a property.

Reference the property in the component’s HTML template.

Example:

importmySvgfrom'@salesforce/resourceUrl/mySvg';

exportdefaultclassMyComponentextendsLightningElement{

svgUrl = mySvg;

}

Lightning Web Components Static Resources

Validation Rule Violations:

Salesforce automatically throws exceptions for validation rule violations during DML operations.

is used to display these errors to the user.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Controller attributes alone cannot handle validation messages.

B: A try/catch block does not address validation rule violations effectively.

D:Database.upsert()method is not related to validation error handling.

Option B: To update a junction object, the user needsRead/Writeaccess to the primary relationship object.

Option C: The user must also haveRead/Writeaccess on the junction object itself.

Junction Objects Documentation

Lightning Web Components (LWC):

Fully responsive and designed to handle touch events.

Executes on stateful clients with high performance.

Aura Components:

Supports responsive designs and touch events but is slightly less efficient than LWC.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Visualforce Components: Not designed for responsiveness or touch event handling.

C. Visualforce Pages: Primarily server-rendered and not stateful for touch interactions.

Record-triggered flows allow automation to create tasks when an Opportunity is created. It is declarative, easy to maintain, and does not require custom code.

Steps:

Create a record-triggered flow for theOpportunityobject.

Set it to run on record creation.

Use the "Create Records" element to create a task for the Opportunity owner.

Record-Triggered Flows

Option A: Governor limits are reset for each execution of theexecute()method in a batch job because each batch is treated as a separate transaction.

Option C: Batch jobs use asynchronous governor limits, which are higher than synchronous limits.

Apex Governor Limits Documentation

When troubleshooting batch Apex jobs:

Asynchronous Job Monitoring:

Navigate toSetup > Apex Jobsto view the status of the batch job.

Provides information such as success, errors, and total execution time.

This step is crucial to diagnose whether the issue is with system limits, batch size, or specific records.

Debug Logs:

After identifying the issue in the job monitoring page, use debug logs to pinpoint specific errors or bottlenecks.

B. Check the debug logs for the batch job: Debug logs are a secondary step after checking the job status.

C. Disable and recreate with fewer records: Premature without investigating the root cause.

D. Decrease the batch size: Adjusting batch size is a solution but only after identifying the cause of the timeout.

Apex Jobs Page:

Provides a user-friendly interface to view the status and details of enqueued jobs, including those implementing theQueueableinterface.

AsyncApexJob Object:

TheAsyncApexJobobject stores information about queued Apex jobs.

Developers can query this object for job details likeStatus,JobType, etc.

Example SOQL Query:SELECT Id, Status, JobType, CreatedDate

FROM AsyncApexJob

WHERE JobType = 'Queueable'

Why Not Other Options?

A. Apex Status page: Not a relevant Salesforce feature.

D. Apex Flex Queue: Only applicable to Batch Apex jobs, not Queueable jobs.

Polymorphic Lookup Fields:

These fields can reference multiple object types.

Example: TheWhatIdfield on Event can reference any object that is related to the Event, such as Account or Opportunity.

Why Not Other Options?

A:ParentIdon Account is not polymorphic; it only points to other Accounts.

B: Custom fields cannot be polymorphic.

D:LeadIdandContactIdare specific fields, not polymorphic.

Why Data Loader?

Data Loader supports all standard and custom objects, including Opportunities.

It is suitable for importing large data volumes like 500 records.

Why Not Data Import Wizard?

The Data Import Wizard does not support all objects, such as Opportunities.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Data Loader does not automatically relate Opportunities to Accounts unless provided external IDs.

B: Data Loader is a desktop application, not browser-based.

D: The Data Import Wizard can handle more than 500 records for supported objects, but it doesn't support Opportunities.

Declarative customizations, such as workflows, process builder, validation rules, and flows, offer a no-code approach to customizing Salesforce. Below are the key benefits:

Declarative customizations automatically update with each Salesforce release (A):Salesforce ensures that declarative tools are automatically updated during new releases, eliminating the need for manual intervention or code refactoring.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

A validation rule can be configured to prevent updates to Opportunity records in the Closed/Won stage by evaluating the Stage field and returning an error message when edits are attempted.

WhyWITH SECURITY_ENFORCED?

Ensures field-level security and sharing rules are enforced in SOQL queries.

Prevents unauthorized records or fields from being accessed or displayed.

Why Not Other Options?

B and C:with sharingandinherited sharingenforce record-level access but do not handle field-level security.

D:without sharingignores sharing rules, which would display all records regardless of user permissions.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

To determine how a developer can use the OrderRequest class within the CustomerOrder class, we need to evaluate the options based on Apex syntax for inheritance, focusing on the fact that OrderRequest is a virtual class. Let’s analyze the problem and each option systematically, referencing Salesforce’s official Apex Developer Guide.

Understanding Virtual Classes and Inheritance in Apex:

Virtual Class: In Apex, a virtual class allows other classes to extend it and inherit its methods and properties. It can also define methods that can be overridden by subclasses. The Apex Developer Guide states: “A virtual class can be extended by another class, allowing the subclass to inherit its methods and properties, and override virtual methods if needed” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Classes).

Inheritance: Apex supports single inheritance using the extends keyword, where a subclass inherits from a single parent class. The Apex Developer Guide notes: “Use the extends keyword to create a subclass that inherits from a parent class” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Inheritance).

Virtual vs. Interface:

A virtual class can contain method implementations and is extended using extends.

An interface defines method signatures without implementations and is implemented using implements. The question specifies OrderRequest as a virtual class, not an interface.

Requirement: The CustomerOrder class needs to use OrderRequest, which likely means inheriting its functionality, as OrderRequest is a virtual class.

Evaluating the Options:

A. extends (class="OrderRequest")public class CustomerOrder

Syntax: This option attempts to use extends followed by (class="OrderRequest") and then public class CustomerOrder.

Analysis: The syntax is incorrect. In Apex, the extends keyword is followed directly by the name of the class to extend, with no parentheses or class= notation. The correct syntax would be public class CustomerOrder extends OrderRequest. The Apex Developer Guide specifies: “The extends keyword is followed by the name of the parent class, without additional attributes or parentheses” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Inheritance). The (class="OrderRequest") syntax resembles annotations or markup, but it’s not valid in Apex for inheritance.

Conclusion: Incorrect due to invalid syntax.

B. public class CustomerOrder implements Order

Syntax: Uses the implements keyword to implement an interface named Order.

Analysis: The implements keyword is used to implement an interface, not to extend a class. The question states that OrderRequest is a virtual class, not an interface, so implements is inappropriate. Additionally, the option references Order, not OrderRequest, which appears to be a mismatch with the class name provided in the question. The Apex Developer Guide clarifies: “The implements keyword is used for interfaces, while extends is used for classes, including virtual classes” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Interfaces). Even if Order were intended to be OrderRequest, implements would still be incorrect for a virtual class.

Conclusion: Incorrect, as implements is for interfaces, not virtual classes, and Order does not match OrderRequest.

C. public class CustomerOrder extends OrderRequest

Syntax: Declares CustomerOrder as a subclass of OrderRequest using the extends keyword.

Analysis: This is the correct syntax for inheritance in Apex. Since OrderRequest is a virtual class, CustomerOrder can extend it to inherit its methods and properties. The extends keyword allows CustomerOrder to use (inherit) the functionality of OrderRequest. The Apex Developer Guide confirms: “A class can extend a virtual class using the extends keyword, inheriting its methods and properties” (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Inheritance). This matches the question’s intent of “using” OrderRequest within CustomerOrder, which typically means inheritance when dealing with a virtual class.

Conclusion: Correct, as it uses the proper extends keyword to inherit from the virtual OrderRequest class.

D. @Implements (class="OrderRequest")public class CustomerOrder

Syntax: Uses an @Implements annotation with (class="OrderRequest") before the class declaration.

Analysis: Apex does not have an @Implements annotation. The implements keyword (without @) is used for interfaces, and annotations in Apex (e.g., @AuraEnabled, @TestVisible) do not use this format for inheritance or interface implementation. The Apex Developer Guide does not define @Implements as a valid annotation (Salesforce Apex Developer Guide, Annotations). The correct way to extend a virtual class is with extends, as in option C.

Conclusion: Incorrect due to invalid syntax (@Implements is not a valid Apex annotation).

Why Option C is Correct:

Option C is correct because:

It uses the extends keyword to properly declare CustomerOrder as a subclass of OrderRequest, which is a virtual class.

This allows CustomerOrder to inherit and use the methods and properties defined in OrderRequest, fulfilling the requirement to “use” the OrderRequest class within CustomerOrder.

The syntax aligns with Apex best practices for inheritance as outlined in the Salesforce Apex Developer Guide.

Example for Clarity:

Here’s how the correct implementation (option C) would look:

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public virtual class OrderRequest {

public String getOrderDetails() {

return 'Order Details';

}

}

public class CustomerOrder extends OrderRequest {

public String getCustomerOrderInfo() {

// Inherit and use OrderRequest's method

String orderDetails = getOrderDetails();

return 'Customer Order: ' + orderDetails;

}

}

CustomerOrder extends OrderRequest, inheriting getOrderDetails().

The developer can use OrderRequest’s functionality (e.g., call its methods) within CustomerOrder.

Handling Typos:

The question’s code snippet and options are mostly clear, but option B references Order instead of OrderRequest, which appears to be a typo. The analysis assumes the intended class is OrderRequest, as stated in the question stem.

Option D has a typo in the class name: Customerorder should be CustomerOrder (capital O). This does not affect the analysis, as the syntax error (@Implements) is the primary issue.

A: An External ID field is designed to store an ID from another external system, which can be used to match Salesforce records with data from an external source during data imports or integrations.

D: External ID fields are automatically indexed, which can significantly improve the performance of SOQL queries when filtering based on the External ID.

Why not other options?

B: External IDs cannot be formula fields. Only text, number, email, and auto-number fields can be set as External IDs.

C: While External IDs are useful for integrations, they do not make external data visible within Salesforce Mobile.

External IDs Overview

Global Access Modifier:

When building managed packages, methods and classes that need to be accessible outside the package namespace must be declaredglobal.

Publicrestricts access to within the namespace.

Why Not Other Options?

B:Publiclimits access to within the namespace.

CandD: Mixingpublicandglobalincorrectly doesn't meet the requirement for external accessibility.

Database.insert(records, false):

The Database.insert() method with the allOrNone parameter set to false allows for partial success.

If some records in the list fail due to validation rules, triggers, or other errors, the method will still attempt to insert the remaining valid records.

The false parameter ensures that records that fail will not roll back the transaction for the others.

Why not the other options?

A. Database.insert(records, true):

The true parameter makes the operation transactional (all or none). If any record fails, all records will roll back.

B. insert records:

The insert DML statement behaves like Database.insert(records, true) by default and rolls back all records if any error occurs.

C. insert(records, false):

This syntax is invalid in Apex.

To embed a Flow in an Aura component, thelightning:flowtag is used. It allows developers to interact with flows declaratively in Aura components.

Using aforloop allows iterating through the list, and aniforif-elsecondition inside can evaluate theLastModifiedDatefor each account to determine its status.

Apex Control Statements

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

By default, Apex tests run in a system context that does not respect sharing rules. However, the getAllAccounts method is defined in a with sharing class, so it does respect sharing rules. Therefore, to correctly simulate how a Standard User would see the data, the test must be run in the context of that user.

To do this, the developer should use System.runAs() to switch the test context to the Standard User, ensuring that sharing rules are enforced for the user running the test. This allows the test to correctly verify the data the user can access.

Example of Corrected Test Method:

apex

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@isTest

private static void getAllAccounts_StandardUser_Test() {

User standardUser = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE Profile.Name = 'Standard User' AND UserName = 'test@test.com' AND isActive = true LIMIT 1];

System.runAs(standardUser) {

List result = AccountsController.getAllAccounts();

System.assertEquals(20, result.size());

}

}

Why Lightning Data Service?

Enforces Salesforce’s security model, including:

Sharing rules.

Field-level security (FLS).

This eliminates the need for additional manual security checks.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Incorrect, LDS enforces FLS.

B:with sharingapplies to Apex, not Lightning Data Service.

D:isAccessible()is unnecessary for LDS because it already enforces FLS.

Creating test classes ensures that the Apex class works according to specifications by validating the functionality under various scenarios and edge cases. Running tests in the Developer Console provides detailed feedback on whether the class meets requirements.

A. Junction object between Applicant and Job:

Since anApplicantcan apply for multipleJobsand eachJobcan have multipleApplicants, this is amany-to-many relationship.

Salesforce requires ajunction objectto represent many-to-many relationships. The junction object will have two master-detail relationships: one to the Applicant object and one to the Job object.

The junction object could be named something like JobApplication__c, which would represent the specific instance of an applicant applying for a particular job.

Why this is the correct approach?

A junction object allows for robust data management and reporting capabilities in a many-to-many relationship.

This design ensures that each combination of applicant and job is captured as a unique record in the JobApplication__c junction object.

It also allows storing additional details about the application, such as application date, status, and feedback.

Why not the other options?

B. Lookup field from Applicant to Job:

A lookup field creates a one-to-many relationship. While an Applicant could reference one Job, it does not support the many-to-many relationship required in this scenario.

C. Master-detail field from Applicant to Job:

A master-detail relationship is a one-to-many relationship, which is unsuitable for a many-to-many relationship. Additionally, you cannot have two master-detail fields on a single object to connect Applicant and Job directly.

D. Formula field on Applicant that references Job:

A formula field cannot establish relationships between records or represent a many-to-many relationship. It is only for computed fields.

In the provided code snippet, the classmyClassdoes not specify a sharing declaration (with sharingorwithout sharing). In Salesforce, when a class does not explicitly declare its sharing context, it defaults towithout sharing. This means sharing rules are not enforced.

Custom Permission:

Ensures that only the small group of users has access to this functionality.

Dynamic Action:

Allows displaying different fields depending on the user’s role directly on the Account Record Page.

Why Not A or C:

Dynamic Forms are not used to create records for custom objects in this context.

A Lightning Web Component is unnecessary when Dynamic Actions can be used.

Option A: Using variable binding eliminates the need for concatenating dynamic values in the query, which is the safest approach.

Option B: UsingString.escapeSingleQuotesensures special characters are handled safely, reducing the risk of SOQL injection.

Not Suitable:

Option C: Whilewith sharingensures sharing rules are applied, it does not prevent SOQL injection.

Option D: Regular expressions are not a reliable method for sanitizing input.

Preventing SOQL Injection

In the context of the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture for a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the Apex class and JavaScript file are responsible for handling the controller's role:

Apex Class (Controller):

Acts as the server-side controller.

Executes business logic, such as the complex validations mentioned in the scenario.

Exposes methods for the LWC to call using@AuraEnabled.

Master-detail relationships allow roll-up summary fields to aggregate data from child records. If a roll-up summary field exists on the Account object, the relationship cannot be changed to a lookup because lookup relationships do not support roll-up fields.

Why not other options?

A: Null values in the Vendor records do not prevent the change.

C: Custom fields can have their types changed as long as dependencies like roll-up fields are not present.

D: Organization-wide defaults do not affect the ability to change relationships.

Salesforce Master-Detail Relationships and Roll-Up Summary Fields

Why Validation Rule?

Validation rules are efficient for enforcing field-level conditions without requiring Apex or Flow.

A formula can check if the user’s profile is not "Sales Manager" and if theLost Reasonfield is blank whenStatusis set to "Closed Lost".

Why Not Other Options?

A: Triggers are more complex and unnecessary for this simple validation.

C: Record-triggered flows are less efficient for field validations compared to validation rules.

D: Approval processes do not handle this type of field-level restriction.

TherecordSetVarattribute of thetag allows a Visualforce page to handle multiple records, which is ideal for list buttons that display a page for bulk editing.

Why not other options?

A: Standard controllers can be extended, but usingrecordSetVaris the direct and best-supported method for this scenario.

B: There is no such concept as a "Custom List Controller" in Visualforce.

C:is not a valid Visualforce tag.

Visualforce Standard Controller with RecordSetVar

Since theCaseandDefect__cobjects have aPrivateorganization-wide default (OWD), their records must be explicitly shared for a user to gain access to the relatedCase_Defect__crecord. Sharing both parent records ensures that the user can access the junction object and the associated parent objects.

Roll-Up Summary Field:

Since the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is aMaster-Detail, a Roll-Up Summary field can be used on the Order object.

The MAX function in a Roll-Up Summary field calculates the latest date (the maximum value) among all the availability dates on the Order Line Items.

Why MAX Roll-Up Summary Field Works:

The latest availability date among the Order Line Items will determine when the entire Order can be shipped.

Why Not Other Options?

AandB: There is no such formula called "LATEST" or "CEILING" applicable to date fields.

C: A COUNT Roll-Up Summary is irrelevant for calculating dates.

Option B: Thecomponent renders all messages added to theApexPagesmessages collection on a Visualforce page, including those added by theApexPages.addMessage()method.

Not Suitable:

Option A:is for specific fields, not for the general messages collection.

Option C:is used for displaying a single, static message, not the dynamic collection of messages.

Option D:does not display messages.

Visualforce ApexPages Messages