Fortinet FCP_FCT_AD-7.4 Fortinet NSE 6 - FortiClient EMS 7.4 Administrator Exam Practice Test

According to theFortiClient EMS Administrator Study Guideand officialTechnical Tipsfrom Fortinet, when the web console is inaccessible (e.g., timing out), the administrator must use tools available directly on the server's operating system (CLI) to gather diagnostic information.

1. Why the CLI Diagnostic Tool (Answer A) is the Correct Choice:

Availability during Outage:When the GUI is unreachable, the standard "Generate Diagnostic Logs" option within the EMS interface is also unavailable.

Windows-based EMS:The administrator can manually run the EMSDiagnosticTool.exe located at C:\Program Files (x86)\Fortinet\FortiClientEMS\. This tool collects server information, Windows events, and EMS-specific logs into a compressed file for investigation.

Linux-based EMS (v7.4+):For newer versions running on Linux, the administrator can use the CLI command: sudo /opt/forticlientems/bin/diagnostic_tool -o /tmp/diag to generate a diagnostic package.

Service Verification:The CLI also allows administrators to verify if critical services (like fcems, apache2, or postgres) are running or if remote access has been disabled using the emscli utility.

2. Why Other Options are Incorrect:

B. Download webserver logs from PostgreSQL:PostgreSQL is the database engine for EMS, not the web server. While database logs are useful, they are not the primary method for gathering general "diagnostic information" and would typically be collected as part of the CLI diagnostic tool output rather than downloaded directly from the DB.

C. Diagnostic logs option from the GUI:This option is impossible to use if the administrator has lost web access and the page is timing out.

D. Download log generator from support site:While Fortinet provides various tools on their support site, theEMS Diagnostic Toolis natively installed with the FortiClient EMS software and is the primary, documented method for troubleshooting the EMS server itself.

Observation of Compliance Profile:

The compliance profile shown in the exhibit includes rules for vulnerability severity level and running process (Calculator.exe).

Evaluating Actions for Compliance:

To make the endpoint compliant, the administrator needs to ensure that the vulnerability severity level is medium or higher is patched (D).

Additionally, the Calculator.exe application must be running on the endpoint (B).

Eliminating Incorrect Options:

Enabling the web filter profile (A) is not related to the compliance rules shown.

Integrating FortiSandbox (C) is not a requirement in the given compliance profile.

Conclusion:

The correct actions are to run the Calculator application on the endpoint (B) and patch applications with vulnerabilities rated as high or above (D).

Understanding FortiSandbox Integration:

In a FortiSandbox integration, various remediation options are available for handling suspicious files.

Evaluating Remediation Options:

The remediation option for alerting and notifying without blocking access or waiting for results is essential to understand.

Conclusion:

The correct action for the remediation option in this context is to alert and notify only.

Observation of Exhibits:

The exhibits show the Zero Trust Tag Monitor on FortiClient EMS and the FortiClient GUI status.

Remote-Client is tagged as "Remote-Endpoints" on the FortiClient EMS Zero Trust Tag Monitor.

Enabling Tag Visibility:

To show the tag on the FortiClient GUI, the endpoint alerts configuration must be adjusted to enable tag visibility.

Verification:

The correct action is to change the endpoint alerts configuration to enable tag visibility, ensuring that the tag appears in the FortiClient GUI.

When FortiClient is installed on a Windows Server, the default behavior for real-time protection control is:

Real-time protection is disabled:By default, FortiClient does not enable real-time protection on server installations to avoid potential performance impacts and because servers typically have different security requirements compared to client endpoints.

Thus, real-time protection is disabled by default on Windows Server installations.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Real-time Protection Section

Fortinet Documentation on FortiClient Default Settings for Server Installations

Based on the FortiGate Security Fabric settings shown in the exhibits, to successfully quarantine an endpoint when it is detected as a compromised host (IOC), the following step is required:

Enable Remote HTTPS Access to EMS:This setting allows FortiGate to communicate securely with FortiClient EMS over HTTPS. Remote HTTPS access is essential for the quarantine functionality to operate correctly, enabling the EMS server to receive and act upon the quarantine commands from FortiGate.

Therefore, the administrator must enable remote HTTPS access to EMS to allow the quarantine process to function properly.

References

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide, Security Fabric and Integration with EMS Sections

Fortinet Documentation on Enabling Remote HTTPS Access to FortiClient EMS

Based on the FortiClient logs shown in the exhibit:

The first log entry shows the application "firefox.exe" trying to access a destination IP, with the threat identified as "Twitter."

The action taken by the application firewall is "blocked" with the event type "appfirewall."

This indicates that the application firewall has blocked access to Twitter.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Application Firewall Logs Section

Fortinet Documentation on Interpreting FortiClient Logs

Understanding FortiClient EMS Components:

FortiClient EMS manages and configures endpoint security settings, while FortiClient installed on the endpoint enforces protection and checks security posture.

Evaluating Responsibilities:

FortiClient performs the actual enforcement of security policies and checks the security posture of the endpoint.

Conclusion:

The component responsible for enforcing protection and checking security posture is FortiClient (C).

Based on the CLI output from FortiGate:

The configuration shows the use of "type fortiems," indicating that FortiGate is set up to interact with FortiClient EMS.

The "server" field points to an IP address (10.0.1.200), which is typically the address of the FortiClient EMS server.

The configuration includes an SSL-enabled connection, which is a common setup for secure communication between FortiGate and FortiClient EMS.

Thus, the configuration indicates that FortiGate is set up to pull user groups from FortiClient EMS.

References

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide, FSSO Configuration Section

Fortinet Documentation on FortiGate and FortiClient EMS Integration

Based on the exhibits provided:

The "Remote-Client" is tagged as "Remote-Users" in the FortiClient EMS Zero Trust Tag Monitor.

To ensure that the tag "Remote-Users" is visible in the FortiClient GUI, the system settings within FortiClient need to be updated to enable tag visibility.

The tag visibility feature is controlled by FortiClient system settings which manage how tags are displayed in the GUI.

Therefore, the administrator needs to change the FortiClient system settings to enable tag visibility.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Zero Trust Tagging Section

FortiClient Documentation on Tag Management and Visibility Settings

Deployment Profiles Analysis:

Deployment-1 has the "First-Time-Installation" package and is assigned to "All Groups" with a priority of 1 but is not enabled.

Deployment-2 has the "To-Upgrade" package, is assigned to both "All Groups" and "trainingAD.training.lab," with a priority of 2 and is enabled.

Evaluating Deployment-2:

Deployment-2 will upgrade FortiClient on both "All Groups" and "trainingAD.training.lab" since it is enabled and assigned to these groups. This includes both AD (Active Directory) groups and workgroups.

Conclusion:

Since Deployment-2 is set to upgrade FortiClient on all the assigned groups and workgroups, the correct answer is A.

Based on theFortiClient EMS 7.2/7.4 Administration Guideand the provided exhibit of theSystem Settings Profile, the expected behavior for an invalid certificate connection is determined by theInvalid Certificate Actionsetting.

1. Analysis of the Exhibit

Location:The exhibit shows theSystem Settings Profile(specifically the "Default" profile).

Setting:At the bottom under theEndpoint Controlsection, the fieldInvalid Certificate Actionis configured.

Selected Action:The dropdown forInvalid Certificate Actiondisplays awarning icon(an orange triangle with an exclamation mark). In the FortiClient EMS GUI, this specific icon corresponds to the"Warn"action.

2. Verified Behavior (Option C)

According to the curriculum documents regardingEndpoint Communication Security:

Warn Action Behavior:When theInvalid Certificate Actionis set toWarn, FortiClient is instructed to display a warning message to the end user if the EMS server certificate is untrusted, expired, or has a hostname mismatch.

User Prompt:The warning message explicitly asks the user whether they wish to proceed with the connection despite the security risk or terminate the attempt.

Connection Logic:If the user manually accepts the warning, FortiClient will establish the Telemetry connection and "remember" the certificate for future sessions to avoid repeated prompts for that specific server.

3. Why Other Options are Incorrect

A. FortiClient is blocked:This behavior only occurs if the administrator selects the"Deny"action in the profile.

B. Additional password required:The password field shown at the top of the exhibit is for"Require Password to Disconnect From EMS", which prevents users from manually unregistering, but it does not bypass or resolve certificate errors.

D. EMS pushes a valid certificate:EMS cannot "push" a valid identity certificate to resolve a failed TLS handshake; a valid certificate must be manually installed on the EMS server by the administrator.

FortiClient supports initiating the following VPN types from the Windows command prompt:

IPSec VPN:FortiClient can establish IPSec VPN connections using command line instructions.

SSL VPN:FortiClient also supports initiating SSL VPN connections from the Windows command prompt.

These two VPN types can be configured and initiated using specific command line parameters provided by FortiClient.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, VPN Configuration Section

Fortinet Documentation on Command Line Options for FortiClient VPN

FortiClient EMS is the component that shares ZTNA tag information through Security Fabric integration. ZTNA tags are synchronized from FortiClient EMS as inputs for the FortiGate application gateway. They can be used in ZTNA policies as security posture checks to ensure certain security criteria are met. FortiClient EMS can share ZTNA tags across multiple devices in the Fabric, such as FortiGate, FortiManager, and FortiAnalyzer. FortiClient EMS can also share ZTNA tags across multiple VDOMs on the same FortiGate device. FortiClient EMS can be configured to control the ZTNA tag sharing behavior in the Fabric Devices settings1.

FortiGate is the device that enforces ZTNA policies using ZTNA tags. FortiGate can receive ZTNA tags from FortiClient EMS via Fabric Connector. FortiGate can also publish ZTNA services through the ZTNA portal, which allows users to access applications without installing FortiClient. FortiGate can also provide ZTNA inline CASB for SaaS application access control2.

FortiGate Access Proxy is a feature that enables FortiGate to act as a proxy for ZTNA traffic. FortiGate Access Proxy can be deployed in front of the application servers to provide ZTNA protection. FortiGate Access Proxy can also be deployed behind the application servers to provide ZTNA visibility. FortiGate Access Proxy can use ZTNA tags to identify and authenticate users and devices2.

FortiClient is the endpoint software that connects to ZTNA services. FortiClient can register ZTNA tags with FortiClient EMS based on the endpoint security posture. FortiClient can also use ZTNA tags to access ZTNA services published by FortiGate. FortiClient can also use ZTNA tags to access SaaS applications with ZTNA inline CASB2.

References :=

Technical Tip: Behavior of ZTNA Tags shared across multiple vdoms or multiple FortiGate firewalls in the Security Fabric connected to the same FortiClient EMS Server

Synchronizing FortiClient ZTNA tags

Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) to Control Application Access

Understanding the Need for Root CA Certificate:

The root CA certificate of FortiClient EMS is necessary for FortiGate to trust certificates issued by FortiClient EMS.

Evaluating Use Cases:

FortiGate needs the root CA certificate to establish trust and validate certificates issued by FortiClient EMS.

Conclusion:

The primary reason FortiGate needs the root CA certificate of FortiClient EMS is to trust certificates issued by FortiClient EMS.

Connecting FortiClient EMS to FortiGate:

The administrator needs to establish a connection between FortiClient EMS and FortiGate as a fabric connector.

Prerequisites for Connection:

A key prerequisite is the import and verification of the FortiClient EMS tool CA certificate on FortiGate to ensure a trusted connection.

Conclusion:

The correct prerequisite for a successful connection is to import and verify the FortiClient EMS tool CA certificate on FortiGate.

Based on the Zero Trust Tagging Rule Set configuration shown in the exhibit:

The rule set includes two conditions:

AV Software is installed and running

OS Version is Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows 10

The Rule Logic is specified as "(1 and 3) or 2," meaning:

The endpoint must have antivirus software installed and running and must be running Windows 10.

Alternatively, the endpoint must be running Windows Server 2012 R2.

Therefore, the endpoint must satisfy either:

Antivirus is installed and running and Windows 10 is running.

Windows Server 2012 R2 is running.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Zero Trust Tagging Rule Set Configuration Section

Fortinet Documentation on Configuring Zero Trust Tagging Rules and Logic

Understanding Multi-Tenancy Mode:

Multi-tenancy mode allows multiple independent sites or tenants to be managed from a single FortiClient EMS instance.

Evaluating Benefits:

Licenses can be shared among sites, making it cost-effective (B).

It provides granular access and segmentation, allowing for detailed control and separation between tenants (D).

Eliminating Incorrect Options:

Separate host servers managing each site (A) is not a feature of multi-tenancy mode.

The fabric connector's use of an IP address (C) is unrelated to multi-tenancy benefits.

According to theFortiClient EMS 7.4 Administration Guide, for an organization to integrate with an identity management infrastructure while enforcing administrative access with Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), the primary supported methods for remote administrator authentication areRADIUSandSAML.

1. RADIUS (Answer B)

Identity Integration:FortiClient EMS allows administrators to addRADIUS serversas an authentication source under theAdministration > Authentication Serverssection.

MFA Support:RADIUS is a standard protocol for enforcing MFA. In this scenario, FortiClient EMS acts as a RADIUS client to an external MFA provider (such as FortiAuthenticator, RSA Authentication Manager, or Duo).

Workflow:When an administrator attempts to log in to the EMS console, EMS sends an Access-Request to the RADIUS server. If the provider requires MFA, it can challenge the user (via push notification or token code) before sending an Access-Accept back to EMS.

2. SAML (Answer D)

Modern Identity Management:SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language) is the preferred method for integrating with modern cloud and on-premises Identity Providers (IdPs) likeMicrosoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD),Okta,AD FS, orFortiAuthenticator.

Native MFA Enforcement:By using SAML SSO, the authentication and MFA process are handled entirely by the IdP. The EMS server acts as the Service Provider (SP). When an admin logs in, they are redirected to the IdP, where the company's existing MFA policies (Conditional Access, etc.) are enforced before the user is granted access back to the EMS console.

EMS Configuration:The curriculum details specific SAML SSO configurations for various IdPs under theSAML SSOsection of the Administration Guide.

3. Why Other Options are Incorrect/Insufficient

A. LDAPS:While FortiClient EMS supports importing users fromActive Directory (ADDS)via LDAP/LDAPS for endpoint management and basic admin login, standard LDAPS does not natively support or enforce an MFA challenge-response workflow in the same integrated way that RADIUS or SAML does for administrative console access.

C. TACACS:TACACS+ is primarily used for device administration on networking equipment (like FortiGate) and is not a listed or standard method for administrative authentication within the FortiClient EMS software documentation.