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Amazon Web Services DOP-C02 AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Exam Practice Test

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Total 419 questions

AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Questions and Answers

Question 1

A company is building a web application on AWS. The application uses AWS CodeConnections to access a Git repository. The company sets up a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that automatically builds and deploys the application to a staging environment when the company pushes code to the main branch. Bugs and integration issues sometimes occur in the main branch because there is no automated testing integrated into the pipeline.

The company wants to automatically run tests when code merges occur in the Git repository and to prevent deployments from reaching the staging environment if any test fails. Tests can run up to 20 minutes. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an AWS CodeBuild action to the pipeline. Add a buildspec.yml file to the Git repository to define commands to run tests. Configure the pipeline to stop the deployment if a test fails.

B.

Configure Git webhooks to initiate an AWS Lambda function during each code merge. Configure the Lambda function to run tests programmatically and to stop the pipeline if a test fails.

C.

Configure AWS Batch to use Docker images of test environments. Integrate AWS Batch into the pipeline. Add an AWS Lambda function to the pipeline that submits the batch jobs and reverts the code merge if a test fails.

D.

Configure the Git repository to push code to an Amazon S3 bucket during each code merge. Use S3 Event Notifications to initiate tests and to revert the code merge if a test fails.

Question 2

A DevOps engineer manages a Java-based application that runs in an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster on AWS Fargate. Auto scaling has not been configured for the application. The DevOps engineer has determined that the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) thread count is a good indicator of when to scale the application. The application serves customer traffic on port 8080 and makes JVM metrics available on port 9404. Application use has recently increased. The DevOps engineer needs to configure auto scaling for the application. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Deploy the Amazon CloudWatch agent as a container sidecar. Configure the CloudWatch agent to retrieve JVM metrics from port 9404. Create CloudWatch alarms on the JVM thread count metric to scale the application. Add a step scaling policy in Fargate to scale up and scale down based on the CloudWatch alarms.

B.

Deploy the Amazon CloudWatch agent as a container sidecar. Configure a metric filter for the JVM thread count metric on the CloudWatch log group for the CloudWatch agent. Add a target tracking policy in Fargate. Select the metric from the metric filter as a scale target.

C.

Create an Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus workspace. Deploy AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry as a container sidecar to publish the JVM metrics from port 9404 to the Prometheus workspace. Configure rules for the workspace to use the JVM thread count metric to scale the application. Add a step scaling policy in Fargate. Select the Prometheus rules to scale up and scaling down.

D.

Create an Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus workspace. Deploy AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry as a container sidecar to retrieve JVM metrics from port 9404 to publish the JVM metrics from port 9404 to the Prometheus workspace. Add a target tracking policy in Fargate. Select the Prometheus metric as a scale target.

Question 3

A company manages a multi-tenant environment in its VPC and has configured Amazon GuardDuty for the corresponding AWS account. The company sends all GuardDuty findings to AWS Security Hub.

Traffic from suspicious sources is generating a large number of findings. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to automatically deny traffic across the entire VPC when GuardDuty discovers a new suspicious source.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a GuardDuty threat list. Configure GuardDuty to reference the list. Create an AWS Lambda function that will update the threat list Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty.

B.

Configure an AWS WAF web ACL that includes a custom rule group. Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a block rule in the custom rule group Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty

C.

Configure a firewall in AWS Network Firewall. Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a Drop action rule in the firewall policy Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a GuardDuty suppression rule. Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty.

Question 4

A DevOps engineer manages an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that builds and deploys a web application on AWS. The pipeline has a source stage, a build stage, and a deploy stage. When deployed properly, the web application responds with a 200 OK HTTP response code when the URL of the home page is requested.

The home page recently returned a 503 HTTP response code after CodePipeline deployed the application. The DevOps engineer needs to add an automated test into the pipeline. The automated test must ensure that the application returns a 200 OK HTTP response code after the application is deployed. The pipeline must fail if the response code is not present during the test.

The DevOps engineer has added a CheckURL stage after the deploy stage in the pipeline.

What should the DevOps engineer do next to implement the automated test?

Options:

A.

Configure the CheckURL stage to use an Amazon CloudWatch action. Configure the action to use a canary synthetic monitoring check on the application URL and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function to check the response code status of the URL and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline. Configure an action in the CheckURL stage to invoke the Lambda function.

C.

Configure the CheckURL stage to use an AWS CodeDeploy action. Configure the action with an input artifact that is the URL of the application and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline.

D.

Deploy an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that checks the response code status of the URL and that reports success or failure to CodePipeline. Configure the CheckURL stage to use the AWS Device Farm test action and to provide the API Gateway HTTP API as an input artifact.

Question 5

A company runs an application that uses an Amazon S3 bucket to store images. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a multi-Region disaster recovery (DR) strategy for the S3 objects. The DevOps engineer enables two-way replication between the S3 buckets.

The company must be able to fail over to a second S3 bucket that is in a second AWS Region. When an image is added to either S3 bucket, the image must be replicated to the other S3 bucket within 15 minutes.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Enable S3 Replication Time Control (S3 RTC) for each replication rule used in the configuration.

B.

Create an S3 Multi-Region Access Point in an active-passive configuration.

C.

Call the SubmitMultiRegionAccessPointRoutes operation in the Amazon S3 API when the company needs to fail over to the S3 bucket in the second Region.

D.

Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration on both S3 buckets.

E.

Configure a routing control in Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller (ARC). Add both S3 buckets in an active-passive configuration.

F.

Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller (ARC) to shift traffic from the primary bucket to the failover bucket in the second Region.

Question 6

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. A DevOps engineer must ensure that all users who access the AWS Management Console are authenticated through the company's corporate identity provider (IdP).

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Use Amazon GuardDuty with a delegated administrator account. Use GuardDuty to enforce denial of 1AM user logins

B.

Use AWS 1AM Identity Center to configure identity federation with SAML 2.0.

C.

Create a permissions boundary in AWS 1AM Identity Center to deny password logins for 1AM users.

D.

Create 1AM groups in the Organizations management account to apply consistent permissions for all 1AM users.

E.

Create an SCP in Organizations to deny password creation for 1AM users.

Question 7

A company manages a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The EC2 instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The application uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance to store the data. The company has configured Amazon Route 53 with an alias record that points to the ALB.

A new company guideline requires a geographically isolated disaster recovery (DR> site with an RTO of 4 hours and an RPO of 15 minutes.

Which DR strategy will meet these requirements with the LEAST change to the application stack?

Options:

A.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different Availability Zone Create an RDS read replica in the new Availability Zone: and configure the new stack to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a hearth check to configure a failover routing policy.

B.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different AWS. Region Create an RDS read replica in the new Region and configure the new stack to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a health check to configure a latency routing policy.

C.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS ma different AWS Region. In the event of an outage copy and restore the latest RDS snapshot from the primary. Region to the DR Region Adjust the Route 53 record set to point to the ALB in the DR Region.

D.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different AWS Region. Create an RDS read replica in the new Region and configure the new environment to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a health check to configure a failover routing policy. In the event of an outage promote the read replica to primary.

Question 8

A development team wants to use AWS CloudFormation stacks to deploy an application. However, the developer IAM role does not have the required permissions to provision the resources that are specified in the AWS CloudFormation template. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution that allows the developers to deploy the stacks. The solution must follow the principle of least privilege.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an IAM policy that allows the developers to provision the required resources. Attach the policy to the developer IAM role.

B.

Create an IAM policy that allows full access to AWS CloudFormation. Attach the policy to the developer IAM role.

C.

Create an AWS CloudFormation service role that has the required permissions. Grant the developer IAM role a cloudformation:* action. Use the new service role during stack deployments.

D.

Create an AWS CloudFormation service role that has the required permissions. Grant the developer IAM role the iam:PassRole permission. Use the new service role during stack deployments.

Question 9

A company has a single AWS account that runs hundreds of Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS Region. New EC2 instances are launched and terminated each hour in the account. The account also includes existing EC2 instances that have been running for longer than a week.

The company's security policy requires all running EC2 instances to use an EC2 instance profile. If an EC2 instance does not have an instance profile attached, the EC2 instance must use a default instance profile that has no IAM permissions assigned.

A DevOps engineer reviews the account and discovers EC2 instances that are running without an instance profile. During the review, the DevOps engineer also observes that new EC2 instances are being launched without an instance profile.

Which solution will ensure that an instance profile is attached to all existing and future EC2 instances in the Region?

Options:

A.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 RunInstances API calls. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.

B.

Configure the ec2-instance-profile-attached AWS Config managed rule with a trigger type of configuration changes. Configure an automatic remediation action that invokes an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.

C.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 StartInstances API calls. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.

D.

Configure the iam-role-managed-policy-check AWS Config managed rule with a trigger type of configuration changes. Configure an automatic remediation action that invokes an AWS Lambda function to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.

Question 10

A company's DevOps engineer uses AWS Systems Manager to perform maintenance tasks. The company has a few Amazon EC2 instances that require a restart after notifications from AWS Health.

The DevOps engineer must implement an automated solution that uses Amazon EventBridge to remediate the notifications during the company's scheduled maintenance windows.

How should the DevOps engineer configure an EventBridge rule to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

B.

Configure an event source of Systems Manager. Configure an event type that indicates a maintenance window. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

C.

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

D.

Configure an event source of EC2. Configure an event type that indicates instance state notification. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

Question 11

A DevOps administrator is configuring a repository to store a company's container images. The administrator needs to configure a lifecycle rule that automatically deletes container images that have a specific tag and that are older than 15 days. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Create a repository in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Add a lifecycle policy to the repository to expire images that have the matching tag after 15 days.

B.

Create a repository in AWS CodeArtifact. Add a repository policy to the CodeArtifact repository to expire old assets that have the matching tag after 15 days.

C.

Create a bucket in Amazon S3. Add a bucket lifecycle policy to expire old objects that have the matching tag after 15 days.

D.

Create an EC2 Image Builder container recipe. Add a build component to expire the container that has the matching tag after 15 days.

Question 12

A company is using AWS Organizations and wants to implement a governance strategy with the following requirements:

    AWS resource access is restricted to the same two Regions for all accounts.

    AWS services are limited to a specific group of authorized services for all accounts.

    Authentication is provided by Active Directory.

    Access permissions are organized by job function and are identical in each account.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Establish an organizational unit (OU) with group policies in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

B.

Establish a permission boundary in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

C.

Establish a service control policy in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share management account roles with permissions for each job function, including AWS IAM Identity Center for authentication in each account.

D.

Establish a service control policy (SCP) in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

Question 13

A company uses a trunk-based development branching strategy. The company has two AWS CodePipeline pipelines that are integrated with a Git provider. The pull_request pipeline has a branch filter that matches the feature branches. The main_branch pipeline has a branch filter that matches the main branch.

When pull requests are merged into the main branch, the pull requests are deployed by using the main_branch pipeline. The company's developers need test results for all submitted pull requests as quickly as possible from the pull_request pipeline. The company wants to ensure that the main_branch pipeline's test results finish and that each deployment is complete before the next pipeline execution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use QUEUED mode.

B.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use PARALLEL mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use QUEUED mode.

C.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use PARALLEL mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode.

D.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use QUEUED mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode.

Question 14

A company has an application that runs on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The application requires frequent restarts. The application logs contain error messages when a restart is required. The application logs are published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

An Amazon CloudWatch alarm notifies an application engineer through an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when the logs contain a large number of restart-related error messages. The application engineer manually restarts the application on the instances after the application engineer receives a notification from the SNS topic.

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to automate the application restart on the instances without restarting the instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

A.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Configure the SNS topic to invoke the runbook.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that restarts the application on the instances. Configure the Lambda function as an event destination of the SNS topic.

C.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Create an AWS Lambda function to invoke the runbook. Configure the Lambda function as an event destination of the SNS topic.

D.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts when the CloudWatch alarm enters ALARM state. Specify the runbook as a target of the rule.

Question 15

A company uses containers for its applications The company learns that some container Images are missing required security configurations

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to create a standard base image The solution must publish the base image weekly to the us-west-2 Region, us-east-2 Region, and eu-central-1 Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an EC2 Image Builder pipeline that uses a container recipe to build the image. Configure the pipeline to distribute the image to an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository in us-west-2. Configure ECR replication from us-west-2 to us-east-2 and from us-east-2 to eu-central-1 Configure the pipeline to run weekly

B.

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses an AWS CodeBuild project to build the image Use AWS CodeOeploy to publish the image to an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository in us-west-2 Configure ECR replication from us-west-2 to us-east-2 and from us-east-2 to eu-central-1 Configure the pipeline to run weekly

C.

Create an EC2 Image Builder pipeline that uses a container recipe to build the Image Configure the pipeline to distribute the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repositories in all three Regions. Configure the pipeline to run weekly.

D.

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses an AWS CodeBuild project to build the image Use AWS CodeDeploy to publish the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repositories in all three Regions. Configure the pipeline to run weekly.

Question 16

A company's application has an API that retrieves workload metrics. The company needs to audit, analyze, and visualize these metrics from the application to detect issues at scale.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge schedule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that calls the API to retrieve workload metrics. Store the workload metric data in an Amazon S3 bucket.

B.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge schedule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that calls the API to retrieve workload metrics. Store the workload metric data in an Amazon DynamoDB table that has a DynamoDB stream enabled.

C.

Create an AWS Glue crawler to catalog the workload metric data in the Amazon S3 bucket. Create views in Amazon Athena for the cataloged data.

D.

Connect an AWS Glue crawler to the Amazon DynamoDB stream to catalog the workload metric data. Create views in Amazon Athena for the cataloged data.

E.

Create Amazon QuickSight datasets from the Amazon Athena views. Create a QuickSight analysis to visualize the workload metric data as a dashboard.

F.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has custom widgets that invoke AWS Lambda functions. Configure the Lambda functions to query the workload metrics data from the Amazon Athena views.

Question 17

A company’s web app runs on EC2 with a relational database. The company wants highly available multi-Region architecture with latency-based routing for global customers.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

ALB in each Region with Auto Scaling groups; Aurora global database with read replicas; Route 53 latency-based routing to ALBs.

B.

ALB in each Region with Auto Scaling groups; RDS primary in one Region with read replicas in others; Route 53 failover routing to ALBs.

C.

Elastic Beanstalk with ALB in each Region; Aurora global database with read replicas; CloudFront with custom origins for ALBs; Route 53 latency-based routing to CloudFront.

D.

Elastic Beanstalk with ALB in each Region; RDS primary in one Region with read replicas; CloudFront with custom origins for ALBs; Route 53 failover routing to CloudFront.

Question 18

A company has configured Amazon RDS storage autoscaling for its RDS DB instances. A DevOps team needs to visualize the autoscaling events on an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard. Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to RDS storage autoscaling events from RDS events. Create an AWS Lambda function that publishes a CloudWatch custom metric. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function. Visualize the custom metric by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

B.

Create a trail by using AWS CloudTrail with management events configured. Configure the trail to send the management events to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a metric filter in CloudWatch Logs to match the RDS storage autoscaling events. Visualize the metric filter by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to RDS storage autoscaling events (rom the RDS events. Create a CloudWatch alarm. Configure the EventBridge rule to change the status of the CloudWatch alarm. Visualize the alarm status by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

D.

Create a trail by using AWS CloudTrail with data events configured. Configure the trail to send the data events to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a metric filter in CloudWatch Logs to match the RDS storage autoscaling events. Visualize the metric filter by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

Question 19

A company runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. The company's employees remotely access the EC2 instances by using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The company wants to collect metrics about how many RDP sessions the employees initiate every day. Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 Instance State-change Notification events.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a target for the EventBridge rule.

C.

Create a flow log in VPC Flow Logs.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a destination for the flow log.

E.

Create a log group metric filter.

F.

Create a log group subscription filter. Use EventBridge as the destination.

Question 20

A company runs an application on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster in the company's primary AWS Region and secondary Region. The company uses Auto Scaling groups to distribute each EKS cluster’s worker nodes across multiple Availability Zones. Both EKS clusters also have an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute incoming traffic.

The company wants to deploy a new stateless application to its infrastructure. The company requires a multi-Region, fault tolerant solution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy the new application to both EKS clusters. Create Amazon Route 53 records with health checks for both ALBs. Use a failover routing policy. Implement Kubernetes readiness and liveness probes.

B.

Deploy the new application to the EKS cluster in the primary Region. Create Amazon Route 53 records with health checks for the primary Region ALB. Use a simple routing policy.

C.

Deploy the new application to both EKS clusters. Create Amazon Route 53 records with a weighted routing policy that evenly splits traffic between both ALBs. Implement Kubernetes readiness and liveness probes.

D.

Deploy the new application to the EKS cluster in the primary Region. Create Amazon Route 53 records with health checks for the primary Region ALB. Use a failover routing policy.

Question 21

A development team is using AWS CodeCommit to version control application code and AWS CodePipeline to orchestrate software deployments. The team has decided to use a remote main branch as the trigger for the pipeline to integrate code changes. A developer has pushed code changes to the CodeCommit repository, but noticed that the pipeline had no reaction, even after 10 minutes.

Which of the following actions should be taken to troubleshoot this issue?

Options:

A.

Check that an Amazon EventBridge rule has been created for the main branch to trigger the pipeline.

B.

Check that the CodePipeline service role has permission to access the CodeCommit repository.

C.

Check that the developer’s IAM role has permission to push to the CodeCommit repository.

D.

Check to see if the pipeline failed to start because of CodeCommit errors in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Question 22

A company runs an Amazon EKS cluster and must implement comprehensive logging for the control plane and nodes. The company must analyze API requests and monitor container performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS CloudTrail for control plane logging and deploy Logstash on nodes.

B.

Enable control plane logging to CloudWatch and use CloudWatch Container Insights for node and pod metrics.

C.

Enable API server logging to S3 and deploy Kubernetes Event Exporter to nodes.

D.

Use AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry and stream logs to Amazon Redshift.

Question 23

A DevOps engineer wants to find a solution to migrate an application from on premises to AWS The application is running on Linux and needs to run on specific versions of Apache Tomcat HAProxy and Varnish Cache to function properly. The application's operating system-level parameters require tuning The solution must include a way to automate the deployment of new application versions. The infrastructure should be scalable and faulty servers should be replaced automatically.

Which solution should the DevOps engineer use?

Options:

A.

Upload the application as a Docker image that contains all the necessary software to Amazon ECR Create an Amazon ECS cluster using an AWS Fargate launch type and an Auto Scaling group. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses Amazon ECR as a source and Amazon ECS as a deployment provider

B.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a saved configuration file to configure and install the software Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk web server tier and a load balanced-type environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

C.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a set of ebextensions files to configure and install the software. Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk worker tier environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

D.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with an appspec.yml file to configure and install the necessary software. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and CodeDeploy as a deployment provider

Question 24

A company is performing vulnerability scanning for all Amazon EC2 instances across many accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each account's VPCs are attached to a shared transit gateway. The VPCs send traffic to the internet through a central egress VPC. The company has enabled Amazon Inspector in a delegated administrator account and has enabled scanning for all member accounts.

A DevOps engineer discovers that some EC2 instances are listed in the "not scanning" tab in Amazon Inspector.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer take to resolve this issue? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Verify that AWS Systems Manager Agent is installed and is running on the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

B.

Associate the target EC2 instances with security groups that allow outbound communication on port 443 to the AWS Systems Manager service endpoint.

C.

Grant inspector: StartAssessmentRun permissions to the IAM role that the DevOps engineer is using.

D.

Configure EC2 Instance Connect for the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

E.

Associate the target EC2 instances with instance profiles that grant permissions to communicate with AWS Systems Manager.

F.

Create a managed-instance activation. Use the Activation Code and the Activation ID to register the EC2 instances.

Question 25

A company uses Amazon RDS for all databases in Its AWS accounts The company uses AWS Control Tower to build a landing zone that has an audit and logging account All databases must be encrypted at rest for compliance reasons. The company's security engineer needs to receive notification about any noncompliant databases that are in the company's accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Control Tower to activate the optional detective control (guardrail) to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the company's audit account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to filter noncompliant events from the AWS Control Tower control (guardrail) to notify the SNS topic. Subscribe the security engineer's email address to the SNS topic

B.

Use AWS Cloud Formation StackSets to deploy AWS Lambda functions to every account. Write the Lambda function code to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted in the account the function is deployed to Send the findings as an Amazon CloudWatch metric to the management account Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Create a CloudWatch alarm that notifies the SNS topic when metric thresholds are met. Subscribe t

C.

Create a custom AWS Config rule in every account to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the audit account Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to filter noncompliant events from the AWS Control Tower control (guardrail) to notify the SNS topic. Subscribe the security engineer's email address to the SNS topic

D.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. Run an hourly cron job by using the AWS CLI to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted in each AWS account Store the results in an RDS database. Notify the security engineer by sending email messages from the EC2 instance when noncompliance is detected

Question 26

A DevOps engineer needs to back up sensitive Amazon S3 objects that are stored within an S3 bucket with a private bucket policy using S3 cross-Region replication functionality. The objects need to be copied to a target bucket in a different AWS Region and account.

Which combination of actions should be performed to enable this replication? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a replication IAM role in the source account

B.

Create a replication I AM role in the target account.

C.

Add statements to the source bucket policy allowing the replication IAM role to replicate objects.

D.

Add statements to the target bucket policy allowing the replication IAM role to replicate objects.

E.

Create a replication rule in the source bucket to enable the replication.

F.

Create a replication rule in the target bucket to enable the replication.

Question 27

A company sends its AWS Network Firewall flow logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company then analyzes the flow logs by using Amazon Athena. The company needs to transform the flow logs and add additional data before the flow logs are delivered to the existing S3 bucket. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function to transform the data and to write a new object to the existing S3 bucket. Configure the Lambda function with an S3 trigger for the existing S3 bucket. Specify all object create events for the event type. Acknowledge the recursive invocation.

B.

Enable Amazon EventBridge notifications on the existing S3 bucket. Create a custom EventBridge event bus. Create an EventBridge rule that is associated with the custom event bus. Configure the rule to react to all object create events for the existing S3 bucket and to invoke an AWS Step Functions workflow. Configure a Step Functions task to transform the data and to write the data into a new S3 bucket.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that is associated with the default EventBridge event bus. Configure the rule to react to all object create events for the existing S3 bucket. Define a new S3 bucket as the target for the rule. Create an EventBridge input transformation to customize the event before passing the event to the rule target.

D.

Create an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream that is configured with an AWS Lambda transformer. Specify the existing S3 bucket as the destination. Change the Network Firewall logging destination from Amazon S3 to Firehose.

Question 28

A company uses an AWS CodeCommit repository to store its source code and corresponding unit tests. The company has configured an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that includes an AWS CodeBuild project that runs when code is merged to the main branch of the repository.

The company wants the CodeBuild project to run the unit tests. If the unit tests pass, the CodeBuild project must tag the most recent commit.

How should the company configure the CodeBuild project to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the CodeBuild project to use native Git to clone the CodeCommit repository. Configure the project to run the unit tests. Configure the project to use native Git to create a tag and to push the Git tag to the repository if the code passes the unit tests.

B.

Configure the CodeBuild project to use native Git to clone the CodeCommit repository. Configure the project to run the unit tests. Configure the project to use AWS CLI commands to create a new repository tag in the repository if the code passes the unit tests.

C.

Configure the CodeBuild project to use AWS CLI commands to copy the code from the CodeCommit repository. Configure the project lo run the unit tests. Configure the project to use AWS CLI commands to create a new Git tag in the repository if the code passes the unit tests.

D.

Configure the CodeBuild project to use AWS CLI commands to copy the code from the CodeCommit repository. Configure the project to run the unit tests. Configure the project to use AWS CLI commands to create a new repository tag in the repository if the code passes the unit tests.

Question 29

A company wants to decrease the time it takes to develop new features. The company uses AWS CodeBuild and AWS CodeDeploy to build and deploy its applications. The company uses AWS CodePipeline to deploy each microservice with its own CI/CD pipeline. The company needs more visibility into the average time between the release of new features and the average time to recover after a failed deployment. Which solution will provide this visibility with the LEAST configuration effort?

Options:

A.

Program an AWS Lambda function that creates Amazon CloudWatch custom metrics with information about successful runs and failed runs for each pipeline. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes. Use the metrics to build a CloudWatch dashboard.

B.

Program an AWS Lambda function that creates Amazon CloudWatch custom metrics with information about successful runs and failed runs for each pipeline. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function after every successful run and after every failed run. Use the metrics to build a CloudWatch dashboard.

C.

Program an AWS Lambda function that writes information about successful runs and failed runs to Amazon DynamoDB. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function after every successful run and after every failed run. Build an Amazon QuickSight dashboard to show the information from DynamoDB.

D.

Program an AWS Lambda function that writes information about successful runs and failed runs to Amazon DynamoDB. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes. Build an Amazon QuickSight dashboard to show the information from DynamoDB.

Question 30

A company needs to implement failover for its application. The application includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution and a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) in an AWS Region. The company has configured the ALB as the default origin for the distribution.

After some recent application outages, the company wants a zero-second RTO. The company deploys the application to a secondary Region in a warm standby configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to automate the failover of the application to the secondary Region so that HTTP GET requests meet the desired RTO.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a second CloudFront distribution that has the secondary ALB as the default origin. Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both CloudFront distributions. Update the application to use the new record set.

B.

Create a new origin on the distribution for the secondary ALB. Create a new origin group. Set the original ALB as the primary origin. Configure the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes. Update the default behavior to use the origin group.

C.

Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both ALBs. Set the TTL of both records to 0. Update the distribution's origin to use the new record set.

D.

Create a CloudFront function that detects HTTP 5xx status codes. Configure the function to return a 307 Temporary Redirect error response to the secondary ALB if the function detects 5xx status codes. Update the distribution's default behavior to send origin responses to the function.

Question 31

A company is implementing a standardized security baseline across its AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company must deploy consistent IAM roles and policies across all existing and future accounts in the organization. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Control Tower in the management account. Configure AWS Control Tower Account Factory customization to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts.

B.

Activate trusted access for AWS CloudFormation StackSets in Organizations. In the management account, create a stack set that has service-managed permissions to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set.

C.

In each member account, create IAM roles that have permissions to create and manage resources. In the management account, create an AWS CloudFormation stack set that has self-managed permissions to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set.

D.

In the management account, create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. Configure the pipeline to use AWS CloudFormation to automate the deployment of the required IAM roles and policies. Set up cross-account IAM roles to allow CodePipeline to deploy resources in the member accounts.

Question 32

A DevOps engineer is implementing governance controls for a company that requires its infrastructure to be housed within the United States. The company has many AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled. The engineer must restrict which AWS Regions the company can use. The engineer must also ensure that an alert is sent as soon as possible if any activity outside the governance policy occurs. The controls must be automatically enabled on any new Region outside the United States. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Organizations SCP deny policy that has a condition that the aws:RequestedRegion property does not match a list of all US Regions. Include an exception in the policy for global services. Attach the policy to the root of the organization.

B.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Enable CloudTrail for all Regions. Use a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to create a metric in non-US Regions. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to send an alert if the metric is greater than 0.

C.

Use an AWS Lambda function that checks for AWS service activity. Deploy the Lambda function to all Regions. Write an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs the Lambda function every hour. Configure the rule to send an alert if the Lambda function finds any activity in a non-US Region.

D.

Use an AWS Lambda function to query Amazon Inspector to look for service activity in non-US Regions. Configure the Lambda function to send alerts if Amazon Inspector finds any activity.

E.

Create an Organizations SCP allow policy that has a condition that the aws:RequestedRegion property matches a list of all US Regions. Include an exception in the policy for global services. Attach the policy to the root of the organization.

Question 33

A company's application development team uses Linux-based Amazon EC2 instances as bastion hosts. Inbound SSH access to the bastion hosts is restricted to specific IP addresses, as defined in the associated security groups. The company's security team wants to receive a notification if the security group rules are modified to allow SSH access from any IP address.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule with a source of aws.cloudtrail and the event name AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress. Define an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target.

B.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty and check the findings for security groups in AWS Security Hub. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule with a custom pattern that matches GuardDuty events with an output of NON_COMPLIANT. Define an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target.

C.

Create an AWS Config rule by using the restricted-ssh managed rule to check whether security groups disallow unrestricted incoming SSH traffic. Configure automatic remediation to publish a message to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

D.

Enable Amazon Inspector. Include the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures-1.1 rules package to check the security groups that are associated with the bastion hosts. Configure Amazon Inspector to publish a message to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

Question 34

A company manages AWS accounts for application teams in AWS Control Tower. Individual application teams are responsible for securing their respective AWS accounts.

A DevOps engineer needs to enable Amazon GuardDuty for all AWS accounts in which the application teams have not already enabled GuardDuty. The DevOps engineer is using AWS CloudFormation StackSets from the AWS Control Tower management account.

How should the DevOps engineer configure the CloudFormation template to prevent failure during the StackSets deployment?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudFormation custom resource that invokes an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to conditionally enable GuardDuty if GuardDuty is not already enabled in the accounts.

B.

Use the Conditions section of the CloudFormation template to enable GuardDuty in accounts where GuardDuty is not already enabled.

C.

Use the CloudFormation Fn. GetAtt intrinsic function to check whether GuardDuty is already enabled If GuardDuty is not already enabled use the Resources section of the CloudFormation template to enable GuardDuty.

D.

Manually discover the list of AWS account IDs where GuardDuty is not enabled Use the CloudFormation Fn: ImportValue intrinsic function to import the list of account IDs into the CloudFormation template to skip deployment for the listed AWS accounts.

Question 35

A company has multiple development groups working in a single shared AWS account. The Senior Manager of the groups wants to be alerted via a third-party API call when the creation of resources approaches the service limits for the account.

Which solution will accomplish this with the LEAST amount of development effort?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Event rule that runs periodically and targets an AWS Lambda function. Within the Lambda function, evaluate the current state of the AWS environment and compare deployed resource values to resource limits on the account. Notify the Senior Manager if the account is approaching a service limit.

B.

Deploy an AWS Lambda function that refreshes AWS Trusted Advisor checks, and configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule to run the Lambda function periodically. Create another CloudWatch Events rule with an event pattern matching Trusted Advisor events and a target Lambda function. In the target Lambda function, notify the Senior Manager.

C.

Deploy an AWS Lambda function that refreshes AWS Personal Health Dashboard checks, and configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule to run the Lambda function periodically. Create another CloudWatch Events rule with an event pattern matching Personal Health Dashboard events and a target Lambda function. In the target Lambda function, notify the Senior Manager.

D.

Add an AWS Config custom rule that runs periodically, checks the AWS service limit status, and streams notifications to an Amazon SNS topic. Deploy an AWS Lambda function that notifies the Senior Manager, and subscribe the Lambda function to the SNS topic.

Question 36

A company frequently creates Docker images of an application. The company stores the images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). The company creates both tagged images and untagged images.

The company wants to implement a solution to automatically delete images that have not been updated for a long time and are not frequently used. The solution must retain at least a specified number of images.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies on the ECR repository to automatically delete images based on image age or the absence of tags on the image.

B.

Use Amazon ECR lifecycle policies to delete images based on age or the number of images that need to be retained in the repository.

C.

Configure an AWS Lambda function to run on a schedule to delete images based on age or the number of images that need to be retained in the repository.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to run a script by using the aws:executeScript action to automatically delete images based on image age or the absence of tags on the image.

Question 37

A company uses a CI/CD pipeline to deploy its workload in the ap-southeast-2 Region. The company receives images through a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and processes the images in AWS Fargate tasks on an Amazon ECS cluster. An Amazon ECR repository stores the images as Docker images. The company uses Route 53 for DNS. The company saves the images in an S3 bucket and metadata in DynamoDB. The company wants to expand to eu-west-2 with high availability and resilience.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the FEWEST configuration changes? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.

Configure ECR replication to eu-west-2 on the repository. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a latency routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

B.

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in ap-southeast-2.

C.

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in the same Region that the tasks run in.

D.

Configure a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure data replication between the S3 bucket in ap-southeast-2 and the S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to use the S3 bucket in the same Region that the tasks run in to perform S3 PUT and GET operations.

E.

Configure an S3 Multi-Region Access Point for the S3 bucket in ap-southeast-2 and a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure two-way replication on the S3 buckets. Configure the workloads to use the Multi-Region Access Point for S3 PUT and GET operations.

F.

Configure the CI/CD pipeline to deploy ECR images to both Regions. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a failover routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

Question 38

A company has multiple AWS accounts. The company uses AWS IAM Identity Center that is integrated with a third-party SAML 2.0 identity provider (IdP).

The attributes for access control feature is enabled in IAM Identity Center. The attribute mapping list maps the department key from the IdP to the ${path:enterprise.department} attribute. All existing Amazon EC2 instances have a d1, d2, or d3 department tag that corresponds to three of the company’s departments.

A DevOps engineer must create policies based on the matching attributes. The policies must grant each user access to only the EC2 instances that are tagged with the user’s respective department name.

Which condition key should the DevOps engineer include in the custom permissions policies to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

"Condition": {

"ForAllValues:StringEquals": {

"aws:TagKeys": ["department"]

}

}

B.

"Condition": {

"StringEquals": {

"aws:PrincipalTag/department": "${aws:ResourceTag/department}"

}

}

C.

"Condition": {

"StringEquals": {

"ec2:ResourceTag/department": "${aws:PrincipalTag/department}"

}

}

D.

"Condition": {

"ForAllValues:StringEquals": {

"ec2:ResourceTag/department": ["d1","d2","d3"]

}

}

Question 39

A highly regulated company has a policy that DevOps engineers should not log in to their Amazon EC2 instances except in emergencies. It a DevOps engineer does log in the security team must be notified within 15 minutes of the occurrence.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Install the Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance Subscribe to Amazon EventBridge notifications Invoke an AWS Lambda function to check if a message is about user logins If it is send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

B.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each EC2 instance Configure the agent to push all logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and set up a CloudWatch metric filter that searches for user logins. If a login is found send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

C.

Set up AWS CloudTrail with Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Subscribe CloudWatch Logs to Amazon Kinesis Attach AWS Lambda to Kinesis to parse and determine if a log contains a user login If it does, send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

D.

Set up a script on each Amazon EC2 instance to push all logs to Amazon S3 Set up an S3 event to invoke an AWS Lambda function which invokes an Amazon Athena query to run. The Athena query checks tor logins and sends the output to the security team using Amazon SNS.

Question 40

A company has a stateless web application that is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are in a target group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Amazon Route 53 manages the application domain.

The company updates the application UI and develops a beta version of the application. The company wants to test the beta version on 10% of its traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST number of configuration changes?

Options:

A.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with a new ALB. Update the existing Route 53 record to use a weighted routing policy. Add a new Route 53 record that points to the new ALB with the same routing policy. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing record. Assign a weight of 10 to the new record.

B.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with the same ALB listener rule. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing target group. Assign a weight of 10 to the new target group.

C.

Refactor the application to implement a feature flag for the beta version by using AWS AppConfig. Use the feature flag to enable the beta version for 10% of the EC2 instances.

D.

Containerize and deploy the application on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the beta version by using the CodeDeployDefault.ECSCanary10Percent15Minutes deployment configuration.

Question 41

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts The company needs an automated process across all AWS accounts to isolate any compromised Amazon EC2 instances when the instances receive a specific tag.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Use AWS Cloud Formation StackSets to deploy the Cloud Formation stacks in all AWS accounts.

B.

Create an SCP that has a Deny statement for the ec2:" action with a condition of "aws:RequestTag/isolation": false.

C.

Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

D.

Create an AWS Cloud Formation template that creates an EC2 instance rote that has no 1AM policies attached. Configure the template to have a security group that has an explicit Deny rule on all traffic. Use the Cloud Formation template to create an AWS Lambda function that attaches the 1AM role to instances. Configure the Lambda function to add a network ACL. Sot up an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function when a specific ta

E.

Create an AWS Cloud Formation template that creates an EC2 instance role that has no 1AM policies attached. Configure the template to have a security group that has no inbound rules or outbound rules. Use the CloudFormation template to create an AWS Lambda function that attaches the 1AM role to instances. Configure the Lambda function to replace any existing security groups with the new security group. Set up an Amazon EventBridge rule to i

Question 42

A DevOps engineer has developed an AWS Lambda function The Lambda function starts an AWS CloudFormation drift detection operation on all supported resources for a specific CloudFormation stack The Lambda function then exits Its invocation The DevOps engineer has created an Amazon EventBrdge scheduled rule that Invokes the Lambda function every hour. An Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic already exists In the AWS account. The DevOps engineer has subscribed to the SNS topic to receive notifications

The DevOps engineer needs to receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected in this specific stack configuration.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the existing EventBridge rule to also target the SNS topic Configure an SNS subscription filter policy to match the Cloud Formation stack. Attach the subscription filter policy to the SNS tomc

B.

Create a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results for the stack Configure the second Lambda function to publish a message to the SNS topic If drift ts detected Adjust the existing EventBridge rule to also target the second Lambda function

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty in the account with drift detection for all CloudFormation stacks. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to the GuardDuty drift detection event finding for the specific CloudFormation stack. Configure the SNS topic as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

D.

Configure AWS Config in the account. Use the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to a compliance change event for the CloudFormaUon stack. Configure the SNS topc as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

Question 43

A company has many AWS accounts. During AWS account creation the company uses automation to create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group in every AWS Region that the company operates in. The automaton configures new resources in the accounts to publish logs to the provisioned log groups in their Region.

The company has created a logging account to centralize the logging from all the other accounts. A DevOps engineer needs to aggregate the log groups from all the accounts to an existing Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

A.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the. Destination Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

B.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from all the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

C.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination Configure an Amazon Kinesis data stream and an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream for each Region to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

D.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

Question 44

A company used a lift-and-shift strategy to migrate a workload to AWS. The company has an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances. Each EC2 instance runs a web application, a database, and a Redis cache.

Users are experiencing large variations in the web application's response times. Requests to the web application go to a single EC2 instance that is under significant load. The company wants to separate the application components to improve availability and performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora Serverless database. Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the Redis cache.

B.

Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora database that has a Multi-AZ deployment. Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group in a single Availability Zone for the Redis cache.

C.

Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora Serverless database. Create an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster for the cache. Create a target group that has a DNS target type that contains the ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster hostname.

D.

Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora database that has a Multi-AZ deployment. Create an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster for the cache.

Question 45

A company wants to use AWS CloudFormation for infrastructure deployment. The company has strict tagging and resource requirements and wants to limit the deployment to two Regions. Developers will need to deploy multiple versions of the same application.

Which solution ensures resources are deployed in accordance with company policy?

Options:

A.

Create AWS Trusted Advisor checks to find and remediate unapproved CloudFormation StackSets.

B.

Create a Cloud Formation drift detection operation to find and remediate unapproved CloudFormation StackSets.

C.

Create CloudFormation StackSets with approved CloudFormation templates.

D.

Create AWS Service Catalog products with approved CloudFormation templates.

Question 46

A company has an on-premises application that is written in Go. A DevOps engineer must move the application to AWS. The company's development team wants to enable blue/green deployments and perform A/B testing.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy the application on an Amazon EC2 instance, and create an AMI of the instance. Use the AMI to create an automatic scaling launch configuration that is used in an Auto Scaling group. Use Elastic Load Balancing to distribute traffic. When changes are made to the application, a new AMI will be created, which will initiate an EC2 instance refresh.

B.

Use Amazon Lightsail to deploy the application. Store the application in a zipped format in an Amazon S3 bucket. Use this zipped version to deploy new versions of the application to Lightsail. Use Lightsail deployment options to manage the deployment.

C.

Use AWS CodeArtifact to store the application code. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. Use Elastic Load Balancing to distribute the traffic to the EC2 instances. When making changes to the application, upload a new version to CodeArtifact and create a new CodeDeploy deployment.

D.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to host the application. Store a zipped version of the application in Amazon S3. Use that location to deploy new versions of the application. Use Elastic Beanstalk to manage the deployment options.

Question 47

A DevOps engineer manages a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The engineer needs to implement a deployment strategy that:

Launches a second fleet of instances with the same capacity as the original fleet.

Maintains the original fleet unchanged while the second fleet is launched.

Transitions traffic to the second fleet when the second fleet is fully deployed.

Terminates the original fleet automatically 1 hour after transition.

Which solution will satisfy these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an AWS CloudFormation template with a retention policy for the ALB set to 1 hour. Update the Amazon Route 53 record to reflect the new ALB.

B.

Use two AWS Elastic Beanstalk environments to perform a blue/green deployment from the original environment to the new one. Create an application version lifecycle policy to terminate the original environment in 1 hour.

C.

Use AWS CodeDeploy with a deployment group configured with a blue/green deployment configuration Select the option Terminate the original instances in the deployment group with a waiting period of 1 hour.

D.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk with the configuration set to Immutable. Create an .ebextension using the Resources key that sets the deletion policy of the ALB to 1 hour, and deploy the application.

Question 48

A company is using AWS Organizations to centrally manage its AWS accounts. The company has turned on AWS Config in each member account by using AWS Cloud Formation StackSets The company has configured trusted access in Organizations for AWS Config and has configured a member account as a delegated administrator account for AWS Config

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a new security policy The policy must require all current and future AWS member accounts to use a common baseline of AWS Config rules that contain remediation actions that are managed from a central account Non-administrator users who can access member accounts must not be able to modify this common baseline of AWS Config rules that are deployed into each member account

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the template from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

B.

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the pack from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

C.

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the template from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

D.

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the pack from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

Question 49

A company builds an application that uses an Application Load Balancer in front of Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The

application is stateless. The Auto Scaling group uses a custom AMI that is fully prebuilt. The EC2 instances do not have a custom bootstrapping process.

The AMI that the Auto Scaling group uses was recently deleted. The Auto Scaling group's scaling activities show failures because the AMI ID does not exist.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a new launch template that uses the new AMI.

B.

Update the Auto Scaling group to use the new launch template.

C.

Reduce the Auto Scaling group's desired capacity to O.

D.

Increase the Auto Scaling group's desired capacity by I.

E.

Create a new AMI from a running EC2 instance in the Auto Scaling group.

F.

Create a new AMI by copying the most recent public AMI of the operating system that the EC2 instances use.

Question 50

A company uses AWS Control Tower and Organizations for a multi-account environment. It needs to create new accounts and ensure they receive a consistent baseline configuration.

Which solution meets the requirement with the least overhead?

Options:

A.

Use Account Factory Customization (AFC) blueprints for baseline setup.

B.

Use Account Factory + StackSets post-setup.

C.

Use Organizations with Lambda applying baseline via access role.

D.

Use Organizations + StackSets manually.

Question 51

A DevOps engineer at a company is supporting an AWS environment in which all users use AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). The company wants to immediately disable credentials of any new IAM user and wants the security team to receive a notification.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to an IAM CreateUser API call in AWS CloudTrail.

B.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to an IAM GetLoginProfile API call in AWS CloudTrail.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge rule. Configure the Lambda function to disable any access keys and delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge rule. Configure the Lambda function to delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.

E.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that is a target of the EventBridge rule. Subscribe the security team's group email address to the topic.

F.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue that is a target of the Lambda function. Subscribe the security team's group email address to the queue.

Question 52

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy application environments. A deployment failed due to manual modifications in stack resources. The DevOps engineer wants to detect manual modifications and alert the DevOps lead with the least effort.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an SNS topic and subscribe the DevOps lead via email. Create an AWS Config managed rule with CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_DRIFT_DETECTION_CHECK. Create an EventBridge rule on NON_COMPLIANT resources and set SNS as target.

B.

Tag all CloudFormation resources, create a custom AWS Config rule via SDK that flags manual changes as NON_COMPLIANT, create an EventBridge rule and Lambda to send email notifications.

C.

Create an SNS topic, subscribe the DevOps lead, create a Config managed rule CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_DRIFT_DETECTION_CHECK. Create an EventBridge rule on COMPLIANT resources, set SNS as target.

D.

Create an AWS Config managed rule CLOUDFORMATION_STACK_DRIFT_DETECTION_CHECK. Create an EventBridge rule on NON_COMPLIANT resources, and a Lambda to send email notifications.

Question 53

An IT team has built an AWS CloudFormation template so others in the company can quickly and reliably deploy and terminate an application. The template creates an Amazon EC2 instance with a user data script to install the application and an Amazon S3 bucket that the application uses to serve static webpages while it is running.

All resources should be removed when the CloudFormation stack is deleted. However, the team observes that CloudFormation reports an error during stack deletion, and the S3 bucket created by the stack is not deleted.

How can the team resolve the error in the MOST efficient manner to ensure that all resources are deleted without errors?

Options:

A.

Add a DelelionPolicy attribute to the S3 bucket resource, with the value Delete forcing the bucket to be removed when the stack is deleted.

B.

Add a custom resource with an AWS Lambda function with the DependsOn attribute specifying the S3 bucket, and an IAM role. Write the Lambda function to delete all objects from the bucket when RequestType is Delete.

C.

Identify the resource that was not deleted. Manually empty the S3 bucket and then delete it.

D.

Replace the EC2 and S3 bucket resources with a single AWS OpsWorks Stacks resource. Define a custom recipe for the stack to create and delete the EC2 instance and the S3 bucket.

Question 54

A rapidly growing company wants to scale for developer demand for AWS development environments. Development environments are created manually in the AWS Management Console. The networking team uses AWS CloudFormation to manage the networking infrastructure, exporting stack output values for the Amazon VPC and all subnets. The development environments have common standards, such as Application Load Balancers, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, security groups, and Amazon DynamoDB tables.

To keep up with demand, the DevOps engineer wants to automate the creation of development environments. Because the infrastructure required to support the application is expected to grow, there must be a way to easily update the deployed infrastructure. CloudFormation will be used to create a template for the development environments.

Which approach will meet these requirements and quickly provide consistent AWS environments for developers?

Options:

A.

Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Resources section of the template to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Use CloudFormation StackSets for the development environments, using the Count input parameter to indicate the number of environments needed. Use the UpdateStackSet command to update existing development environments.

B.

Use nested stacks to define common infrastructure components. To access the exported values, use TemplateURL to reference the networking team’s template. To retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values, use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Parameters section of the root template. Use the CreateChangeSet and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

C.

Use nested stacks to define common infrastructure components. Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions with the resources of the nested stack to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Use the CreateChangeSet and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

D.

Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Parameters section of the root template to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Define the development resources in the order they need to be created in the CloudFormation nested stacks. Use the CreateChangeSet. and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

Question 55

A company wants to use AWS Systems Manager documents to bootstrap physical laptops for developers The bootstrap code Is stored in GitHub A DevOps engineer has already created a Systems Manager activation, installed the Systems Manager agent with the registration code, and installed an activation ID on all the laptops.

Which set of steps should be taken next?

Options:

A.

Configure the Systems Manager document to use the AWS-RunShellScnpt command to copy the files from GitHub to Amazon S3, then use the aws-downloadContent plugin with a sourceType of S3

B.

Configure the Systems Manager document to use the aws-configurePackage plugin with an install action and point to the Git repository

C.

Configure the Systems Manager document to use the aws-downloadContent plugin with a sourceType of GitHub and sourcelnfo with the repository details.

D.

Configure the Systems Manager document to use the aws:softwarelnventory plugin and run the script from the Git repository

Question 56

A company releases a new application in a new AWS account. The application includes an AWS Lambda function that processes messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) standard queue. The Lambda function stores the results in an Amazon S3 bucket for further downstream processing. The Lambda function needs to process the messages within a specific period of time after the messages are published. The Lambda function has a batch size of 10 messages and takes a few seconds to process a batch of messages.

As load increases on the application's first day of service, messages in the queue accumulate at a greater rate than the Lambda function can process the messages. Some messages miss the required processing timelines. The logs show that many messages in the queue have data that is not valid. The company needs to meet the timeline requirements for messages that have valid data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Increase the Lambda function's batch size. Change the SOS standard queue to an SOS FIFO queue. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

B.

Reduce the Lambda function's batch size. Increase the SOS message throughput quota. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

C.

Increase the Lambda function's batch size. Configure S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

D.

Keep the Lambda function's batch size the same. Configure the Lambda function to report failed batch items. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

Question 57

A production account has a requirement that any Amazon EC2 instance that has been logged in to manually must be terminated within 24 hours. All applications in the production account are using Auto Scaling groups with the Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent configured.

How can this process be automated?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription to an AWS Step Functions application. Configure an AWS Lambda function to add a tag to the EC2 instance that produced the login event and mark the instance to be decommissioned. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke a second Lambda function once a day that will terminate all instances with this tag.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that will be invoked by the login event. Send the notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that the operations team is subscribed to, and have them terminate the EC2 instance within 24 hours.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that will be invoked by the login event. Configure the alarm to send to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Use a group of worker instances to process messages from the queue, which then schedules an Amazon EventBridge rule to be invoked.

D.

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the function to add a tag to the EC2 instance that produced the login event and mark the instance to be decommissioned. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke a daily Lambda function that terminates all instances with this tag.

Question 58

An AWS CodePipeline pipeline has implemented a code release process. The pipeline is integrated with AWS CodeDeploy to deploy versions of an application to multiple Amazon EC2 instances for each CodePipeline stage.

During a recent deployment the pipeline failed due to a CodeDeploy issue. The DevOps team wants to improve monitoring and notifications during deployment to decrease resolution times.

What should the DevOps engineer do to create notifications. When issues are discovered?

Options:

A.

Implement Amazon CloudWatch Logs for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Config rule to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

B.

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

C.

Implement AWS CloudTrail to record CodePipeline and CodeDeploy API call information create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

D.

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an Amazon. Inspector assessment target to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple. Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

Question 59

A company is running a custom-built application that processes records. All the components run on Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. Each record's processing is a multistep sequential action that is compute-intensive. Each step is always completed in 5 minutes or less.

A limitation of the current system is that if any steps fail, the application has to reprocess the record from the beginning The company wants to update the architecture so that the application must reprocess only the failed steps.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a web application to write records to Amazon S3 Use S3 Event Notifications to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic Use an EC2 instance to poll Amazon SNS and start processing Save intermediate results to Amazon S3 to pass on to the next step

B.

Perform the processing steps by using logic in the application. Convert the application code to run in a container. Use AWS Fargate to manage the container Instances. Configure the container to invoke itself to pass the state from one step to the next.

C.

Create a web application to pass records to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Decouple the processing by using the Kinesis data stream and AWS Lambda functions.

D.

Create a web application to pass records to AWS Step Functions. Decouple the processing into Step Functions tasks and AWS Lambda functions.

Question 60

A company uses a series of individual Amazon Cloud Formation templates to deploy its multi-Region Applications. These templates must be deployed in a specific order. The company is making more changes to the templates than previously expected and wants to deploy new templates more efficiently. Additionally, the data engineering team must be notified of all changes to the templates.

What should the company do to accomplish these goals?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy the Cloud Formation templates m the required order Use stack policies to alert the data engineering team.

B.

Host the Cloud Formation templates in Amazon S3 Use Amazon S3 events to directly trigger CloudFormation updates and Amazon SNS notifications.

C.

Implement CloudFormation StackSets and use drift detection to trigger update alerts to the data engineering team.

D.

Leverage CloudFormation nested stacks and stack sets (or deployments Use Amazon SNS to notify the data engineering team.

Question 61

A company has an AWS Cloud Format ion slack that is deployed in a single AWS account. The company has configured the stack to send event notifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

A DevOps engineer must implement an automated solution that applies a tag to the specific Cloud Formation stack instance only after a successful stack update occurs. The DevOps engineer has created an AWS Lambda function that applies and updates this tag (or the specific slack instance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Run the AWS-UpdateCloudfomationStack AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook when Systems Manager detects an UPDATE_COMPLETE event for the instance status of the Cloud Formation stack. Configure the runbook to invoke the Lambda function.

B.

Create a custom AWS Config rule that produces a compliance change event if the CloudFormation stack has an UPDATE_COMPLETE instance status. Configure AWS Config to directly invoke the Lambda function to automatically remediate the change event.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches the UPDATE COMPLETE event pattern for the instance status of the CloudFormation stack. Configure the rule to invoke the Lambda function.

D.

Adjust the configuration of the CloudFormation stack to send notifications for only an UPDATE COMPLETE instance status event to the SNS topic. Subscribe the Lambda function to the SNS topic.

Question 62

A security review has identified that an AWS CodeBuild project is downloading a database population script from an Amazon S3 bucket using an unauthenticated request. The security team does not allow unauthenticated requests to S3 buckets for this project.

How can this issue be corrected in the MOST secure manner?

Options:

A.

Add the bucket name to the AllowedBuckets section of the CodeBuild project settings. Update the build spec to use the AWS CLI to download the database population script.

B.

Modify the S3 bucket settings to enable HTTPS basic authentication and specify a token. Update the build spec to use cURL to pass the token and download the database population script.

C.

Remove unauthenticated access from the S3 bucket with a bucket policy. Modify the service role for the CodeBuild project to include Amazon S3 access. Use the AWS CLI to download the database population script.

D.

Remove unauthenticated access from the S3 bucket with a bucket policy. Use the AWS CLI to download the database population script using an IAM access key and a secret access key.

Question 63

A company manages multiple AWS accounts in AWS Organizations. The company's security policy states that AWS account root user credentials for member accounts must not be used. The company monitors access to the root user credentials.

A recent alert shows that the root user in a member account launched an Amazon EC2 instance. A DevOps engineer must create an SCP at the organization's root level that will prevent the root user in member accounts from making any AWS service API calls.

Which SCP will meet these requirements?

A)

Question # 63

B)

Question # 63

C)

Question # 63

D)

Question # 63

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

Option B

C.

Option C

D.

Option D

Question 64

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage several AWS accounts that the company's developers use. The company requires all data to be encrypted in transit.

Multiple Amazon S3 buckets that were created in developer accounts allow unencrypted connections. A DevOps engineer must enforce encryption of data in transit for all existing S3 buckets that are created in accounts in the organization.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Cloud Formation StackSets to deploy an AWS Network Firewall firewall to each account. Route all outbound requests from the AWS environment through the firewall. Deploy a policy to block access to all outbound requests on port 80.

B.

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy an AWS Network Firewall firewall to each account. Route all inbound requests to the AWS environment through the firewall. Deploy a policy to block access to all inbound requests on port 80.

C.

Turn on AWS Config for the organization. Deploy a conformance pack that uses the s3-bucket-ssi-requests-only managed rule and an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook. Use a runbook that adds a bucket policy statement to deny access to an S3 bucket when the value of the aws:SecureTransport condition key is false.

D.

Turn on AWS Config for the organization. Deploy a conformance pack that uses the s3-buckot-ssl-requests-only managed rule and an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook. Use a runbook that adds a bucket policy statement to deny access to an S3 bucket when the value of the s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id condition key is null.

Question 65

A company recently created a new AWS Control Tower landing zone in a new organization in AWS Organizations. The landing zone must be able to demonstrate compliance with the Center tor Internet Security (CIS) Benchmarks tor AWS Foundations.

The company's security team wants to use AWS Security Hub to view compliance across all accounts Only the security team can be allowed to view aggregated Security Hub Findings. In addition specific users must be able to view findings from their own accounts within the organization All accounts must be enrolled m Security Hub after the accounts are created.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements in the MOST automated way? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Turn on trusted access for Security Hub in the organization's management account. Create a new security account by using AWS Control Tower Configure the new security account as the delegated administrator account for Security Hub. In the new security account provide. Security Hub with the CIS Benchmarks for AWS Foundations standards.

B.

Turn on trusted access for Security Hub in the organ ration's management account. From the management account, provide Security Hub with the CIS Benchmarks for AWS Foundations standards.

C.

Create an AWS IAM identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) permission set that includes the required permissions Use the CreateAccountAssignment API operation to associate the security team users with the permission set and with the delegated security account.

D.

Create an SCP that explicitly denies any user who is not on the security team from accessing Security Hub.

E.

In Security Hub, turn on automatic enablement.

F.

In the organization's management account create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the CreateManagedAccount event Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the Security Hub CreateMembers API operation to add new accounts to Security Hub. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function.

Question 66

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company has enabled all features for the organization. The member accounts under one OU contain S3 buckets that store sensitive data.

A DevOps engineer wants to ensure that only IAM principals from within the organization can access the S3 buckets in the OU.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an SCP in the management account of the organization to restrict Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalAccount condition. Apply the SCP to the OU.

B.

Create an IAM permissions boundary in the management account of the organization to restrict access to Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalOrgID condition.

C.

Configure AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to restrict access to S3 buckets in the OU so the S3 buckets cannot be shared outside the organization.

D.

Create a resource control policy (RCP) in the management account of the organization to restrict Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalOrgID condition. Apply the RCP to the OU.

Question 67

A company has proprietary data available by using an Amazon CloudFront distribution. The company needs to ensure that the distribution is accessible by only users from the corporate office that have a known set of IP address ranges. An AWS WAF web ACL is associated with the distribution and has a default action set to Count.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a new regex pattern set. Add the regex pattern set to a new rule group. Create a new web ACL that has a default action set to Block. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. Add a rule that allows traffic based on the new rule group.

B.

Create an AWS WAF IP address set that matches the corporate office IP address range. Create a new web ACL that has a default action set to Allow. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. Add a rule that allows traffic from the IP address set.

C.

Create a new regex pattern set. Add the regex pattern set to a new rule group. Set the default action on the existing web ACL to Allow. Add a rule that has priority 0 that allows traffic based on the regex pattern set.

D.

Create a WAF IP address set that matches the corporate office IP address range. Set the default action on the existing web ACL to Block. Add a rule that has priority 0 that allows traffic from the IP address set.

Question 68

A company containerized its Java app and uses CodePipeline. They want to scan images in ECR for vulnerabilities and reject images with critical vulnerabilities in a manual approval stage.

Which solution meets these?

Options:

A.

Basic scanning with EventBridge for Inspector findings and Lambda to reject manual approval if critical vulnerabilities found.

B.

Enhanced scanning, Lambda invokes Inspector for SBOM, exports to S3, Athena queries SBOM, rejects manual approval on critical findings.

C.

Enhanced scanning, EventBridge listens to Detective scan findings, Lambda rejects manual approval on critical vulnerabilities.

D.

Enhanced scanning, EventBridge listens to Inspector scan findings, Lambda rejects manual approval on critical vulnerabilities.

Question 69

A company uses Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server as its primary database. They need high availability within and across AWS Regions, with an RPO <1 min and RTO <10 min. Route 53 CNAME is used for the DB endpoint and must redirect to standby during failover.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Multi-AZ DB cluster with cross-Region read replicas. Use automation to promote replica and update Route 53.

B.

Deploy RDS Multi-AZ with snapshots copied every 5 minutes; use Lambda to restore snapshot and update Route 53 on failover.

C.

Deploy Single-AZ RDS and use AWS DMS to continuously replicate to another Region. Use CloudWatch alarms for failover notification.

D.

Deploy Single-AZ RDS and use AWS Backup for cross-Region backups every 30 seconds. Use automation to restore and update Route 53 during failover.

Question 70

A company provides an application to customers. The application has an Amazon API Gateway REST API that invokes an AWS Lambda function. On initialization, the Lambda function loads a large amount of data from an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data load process results in long cold-start times of 8-10 seconds. The DynamoDB table has DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) configured.

Customers report that the application intermittently takes a long time to respond to requests. The application receives thousands of requests throughout the day. In the middle of the day, the application experiences 10 times more requests than at any other time of the day. Near the end of the day, the application's request volume decreases to 10% of its normal total.

A DevOps engineer needs to reduce the latency of the Lambda function at all times of the day.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure provisioned concurrency on the Lambda function with a concurrency value of 1. Delete the DAX cluster for the DynamoDB table.

B.

Configure reserved concurrency on the Lambda function with a concurrency value of 0.

C.

Configure provisioned concurrency on the Lambda function. Configure AWS Application Auto Scaling on the Lambda function with provisioned concurrency values set to a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 100.

D.

Configure reserved concurrency on the Lambda function. Configure AWS Application Auto Scaling on the API Gateway API with a reserved concurrency maximum value of 100.

Question 71

A company has a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run Linux in a single AWS account. The company is using an AWS Systems Manager Automation task across the EC2 instances.

During the most recent patch cycle, several EC2 instances went into an error state because of insufficient available disk space. A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that the EC2 instances have sufficient available disk space during the patching process in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? {Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Ensure that the Amazon CloudWatch agent is installed on all EC2 instances

B.

Create a cron job that is installed on each EC2 instance to periodically delete temporary files.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch log group for the EC2 instances. Configure a cron job that is installed on each EC2 instance to write the available disk space to a CloudWatch log stream for the relevant EC2 instance.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to monitor available disk space on all EC2 instances Add the alarm as a safety control to the Systems Manager Automation task.

E.

Create an AWS Lambda function to periodically check for sufficient available disk space on all EC2 instances by evaluating each EC2 instance's respective Amazon CloudWatch log stream.

Question 72

A company builds a container image in an AWS CodeBuild project by running Docker commands. After the container image is built, the CodeBuild project uploads the container image to an Amazon S3 bucket. The CodeBuild project has an IAM service role that has permissions to access the S3 bucket.

A DevOps engineer needs to replace the S3 bucket with an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository to store the container images. The

DevOps engineer creates an ECR private image repository in the same AWS Region of the CodeBuild project. The DevOps engineer adjusts the IAM service role with the permissions that are necessary to work with the new ECR repository. The DevOps engineer also places new repository information into the docker build command and the docker push command that are used in the buildspec.yml file.

When the CodeBuild project runs a build job, the job fails when the job tries to access the ECR repository.

Which solution will resolve the issue of failed access to the ECR repository?

Options:

A.

Update the buildspec.yml file to log in to the ECR repository by using the aws ecr get-login-password AWS CLI command to obtain an authentication token. Update the docker login command to use the authentication token to access the ECR repository.

B.

Add an environment variable of type SECRETS_MANAGER to the CodeBuild project. In the environment variable, include the ARN of the CodeBuild project's IAM service role. Update the buildspec.yml file to use the new environment variable to log in with the docker login command to access the ECR repository.

C.

Update the ECR repository to be a public image repository. Add an ECR repository policy that allows the IAM service role to have access.

D.

Update the buildspec.yml file to use the AWS CLI to assume the IAM service role for ECR operations. Add an ECR repository policy that allows the IAM service role to have access.

Question 73

A company's application is currently deployed to a single AWS Region. Recently, the company opened a new office on a different continent. The users in the new office are experiencing high latency. The company's application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and uses Amazon DynamoDB as the database layer. The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. A DevOps engineer is tasked with minimizing application response times and improving availability for users in both Regions.

Which combination of actions should be taken to address the latency issues? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a new DynamoDB table in the new Region with cross-Region replication enabled.

B.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group global resources and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

C.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group resources in the new Region and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

D.

Create Amazon Route 53 records, health checks, and latency-based routing policies to route to the ALB.

E.

Create Amazon Route 53 aliases, health checks, and failover routing policies to route to the ALB.

F.

Convert the DynamoDB table to a global table.

Question 74

A company runs a workload on Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs a control that requires the use of Instance Metadata Service Version 2 (IMDSv2) on all EC2 instances in the AWS account. If an EC2 instance does not prevent the use of Instance Metadata Service Version 1 (IMDSv1), the EC2 instance must be terminated.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up AWS Config in the account. Use a managed rule to check EC2 instances. Configure the rule to remediate the findings by using AWS Systems Manager Automation to terminate the instance.

B.

Create a permissions boundary that prevents the ec2:Runlnstance action if the ec2:MetadataHttpTokens condition key is not set to a value of required. Attach the permissions boundary to the IAM role that was used to launch the instance.

C.

Set up Amazon Inspector in the account. Configure Amazon Inspector to activate deep inspection for EC2 instances. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for an Inspector2 finding. Set an AWS Lambda function as the target to terminate the instance.

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for the EC2 instance launch successful event. Send the event to an AWS Lambda function to inspect the EC2 metadata and to terminate the instance.

Question 75

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) The EC2 Instances are in multiple Availability Zones The application was misconfigured in a single Availability Zone, which caused a partial outage of the application.

A DevOps engineer made changes to ensure that the unhealthy EC2 instances in one Availability Zone do not affect the healthy EC2 instances in the other Availability Zones. The DevOps engineer needs to test the application's failover and shift where the ALB sends traffic During failover. the ALB must avoid sending traffic to the Availability Zone where the failure has occurred.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

B.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB's target group Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

C.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the DNS hostname of the ALB Start a zonal shift for the resource set away from the Availability Zone

D.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the ARN of the ALB's target group Create a readiness check that uses the ElbV2TargetGroupsCanServeTraffic rule

Question 76

A security team is concerned that a developer can unintentionally attach an Elastic IP address to an Amazon EC2 instance in production. No developer should be allowed to attach an Elastic IP address to an instance. The security team must be notified if any production server has an Elastic IP address at any time

How can this task be automated'?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Athena to query AWS CloudTrail logs to check for any associate-address attempts Create an AWS Lambda function to disassociate the Elastic IP address from the instance, and alert the security team.

B.

Attach an 1AM policy to the developers' 1AM group to deny associate-address permissions Create a custom AWS Config rule to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the security team

C.

Ensure that all 1AM groups associated with developers do not have associate-address permissions. Create a scheduled AWS Lambda function to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the secunty team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it

D.

Create an AWS Config rule to check that all production instances have EC2 1AM roles that include deny associate-address permissions Verify whether there is an Elastic IP address associated with any instance, and alert the security team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it.

Question 77

A developer is creating a proof of concept for a new software as a service (SaaS) application. The application is in a shared development AWS account that is part of an organization in AWS Organizations.

The developer needs to create service-linked IAM roles for the AWS services that are being considered for the proof of concept. The solution needs to give the developer the ability to create and configure the service-linked roles only.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an IAM user for the developer in the organization’s management account. Configure a cross-account role in the development account for the developer to use. Limit the scope of the cross-account role to common services.

B.

Add the developer to an IAM group. Attach the PowerUserAccess managed policy to the IAM group. Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) on the user account.

C.

Add an SCP to the development account in Organizations. Configure the SCP with a Deny rule for iam:* to limit the developer’s access.

D.

Create an IAM role that has the necessary IAM access to allow the developer to create policies and roles. Create and attach a permissions boundary to the role. Grant the developer access to assume the role.

Question 78

A company needs to ensure that flow logs remain configured for all existing and new VPCs in its AWS account. The company uses an AWS CloudFormation stack to manage its VPCs. The company needs a solution that will work for any VPCs that any IAM user creates.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add the resource to the CloudFormation stack that creates the VPCs.

B.

Create an organization in AWS Organizations. Add the company's AWS account to the organization. Create an SCP to prevent users from modifying VPC flow logs.

C.

Turn on AWS Config. Create an AWS Config rule to check whether VPC flow logs are turned on. Configure automatic remediation to turn on VPC flow logs.

D.

Create an IAM policy to deny the use of API calls for VPC flow logs. Attach the IAM policy to all IAM users.

Question 79

A company uses AWS CodeArtifact to centrally store Python packages. The CodeArtifact repository is configured with the following repository policy.

"Version": ”2012-10-17”,

"Statement”: [

{

"Action": [

"codeartifact:DescribePackageVersion", "codeartifact:DescribeRepository",

"codeartifact:GetPackageVersionReadme", "codeartifact:GetRepositoryEndpoint", "codeartifact:ListPackageVersionAssets", '’codeartifact: ListPackageVersionDependencies", "codeartifact:ListPackageVersions", '’codeartifact :ListPackages",

'’codeartifact: ReadFromRepository"

],

"Effect": "Allow",

"Resource": "*",

"Principal":

"Condition": {

"StringEquals": {

"aws:PrincipalOrglD": [ "o-xxxxxxxxxxx"

]

}

}

}

]

A development team is building a new project in an account that is in an organization in AWS Organizations. The development team wants to use a Python library that has already been stored in the CodeArtifact repository in the organization. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to build the new application. The CodeBuild job that the development team uses to build the application is configured to run in a VPC Because of compliance requirements the VPC has no internet connectivity.

The development team creates the VPC endpoints for CodeArtifact and updates the CodeBuild buildspec yaml file. However, the development team cannot download the Python library from the repository.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take so that the development team can use Code Artifact? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint Update the route tables for the subnets that are running the CodeBuild job.

B.

Update the repository policy's Principal statement to include the ARN of the role that the CodeBuild project uses.

C.

Share the CodeArtifact repository with the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM).

D.

Update the role that the CodeBuild project uses so that the role has sufficient permissions to use the CodeArtifact repository.

E.

Specify the account that hosts the repository as the delegated administrator for CodeArtifact in the organization.

Question 80

A company uses AWS Storage Gateway in file gateway mode in front of an Amazon S3 bucket that is used by multiple resources. In the morning when business begins, users do not see the objects processed by a third party the previous evening. When a DevOps engineer looks directly at the S3 bucket, the data is there, but it is missing in Storage Gateway.

Which solution ensures that all the updated third-party files are available in the morning?

Options:

A.

Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.

B.

Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.

C.

Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.

D.

Use S3 Same-Region Replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.

Question 81

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts in multiple OUs. The company is planning to implement a comprehensive account management solution and wants to ensure consistent baseline configurations.

A DevOps engineer is developing a solution to automatically deploy AWS CloudFormation templates to new AWS accounts. The specific CloudFormation template that the solution deploys must vary based on which organizational unit (OU) each new account is placed in.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Control Tower. Use Customizations for AWS Control Tower (CfCT) to deploy each CloudFormation template from a centralized account. Create a GitHub repository to store the entire configuration package, including the CloudFormation templates and a manifest file that maps each CloudFormation template to its corresponding OU.

B.

Enable AWS Control Tower. Build a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to deploy the CloudFormation deployment from a centralized account. Create a GitHub repository to store the entire configuration package, including the CloudFormation templates and a manifest file that maps each CloudFormation template to its corresponding OU. After the code is updated in GitHub, initiate the pipeline and deploy the CloudFormation templates to the new AWS accoun

C.

Store the CloudFormation templates in an Amazon S3 bucket by using a separate prefix for each AWS account. Create an AWS Lambda function that deploys a specific CloudFormation template to each new AWS account based on the prefix path that indicates where each template is located in the S3 bucket.

D.

Store CloudFormation templates in an Amazon S3 bucket. Create an AWS Lambda function that deploys a specific CloudFormation template to the new AWS accounts based on the OU each new account is in. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches "eventName": "CreateAccountResult" and "state": "SUCCEEDED." Set the Lambda function as the target of the EventBridge rule.

Question 82

A company has an application that runs on AWS Lambda and sends logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. An Amazon Kinesis data stream is subscribed to the log groups in CloudWatch Logs. A single consumer Lambda function processes the logs from the data stream and stores the logs in an Amazon S3 bucket.

The company's DevOps team has noticed high latency during the processing and ingestion of some logs.

Which combination of steps will reduce the latency? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a data stream consumer with enhanced fan-out. Set the Lambda function that processes the logs as the consumer.

B.

Increase the ParallelizationFactor setting in the Lambda event source mapping.

C.

Configure reserved concurrency for the Lambda function that processes the logs.

D.

Increase the batch size in the Kinesis data stream.

E.

Turn off the ReportBatchltemFailures setting in the Lambda event source mapping.

F.

Increase the number of shards in the Kinesis data stream.

Question 83

A company’s web app runs on EC2 Linux instances and needs to monitor custom metrics for API response and DB query latency across instances with least overhead.

Which solution meets this?

Options:

A.

Install CloudWatch agent on instances, configure it to collect custom metrics, and instrument app to send metrics to agent.

B.

Use Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus to scrape metrics, use CloudWatch agent to forward metrics to CloudWatch.

C.

Create Lambda to poll app endpoints and DB, calculate metrics, send to CloudWatch via PutMetricData.

D.

Implement custom logging in app; use CloudWatch Logs Insights to extract and analyze metrics.

Question 84

A company has deployed a new REST API by using Amazon API Gateway. The company uses the API to access confidential data. The API must be accessed from only specific VPCs in the company. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create and attach a resource policy to the API Gateway API. Configure the resource policy to allow only the specific VPC IDs.

B.

Add a security group to the API Gateway API. Configure the inbound rules to allow only the specific VPC IP address ranges.

C.

Create and attach an IAM role to the API Gateway API. Configure the IAM role to allow only the specific VPC IDs.

D.

Add an ACL to the API Gateway API. Configure the outbound rules to allow only the specific VPC IP address ranges.

Question 85

A company has deployed a new platform that runs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). The new platform hosts web applications that users frequently update. The application developers build the Docker images for the applications and deploy the Docker images manually to the platform.

The platform usage has increased to more than 500 users every day. Frequent updates, building the updated Docker images for the applications, and deploying the Docker images on the platform manually have all become difficult to manage.

The company needs to receive an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification if Docker image scanning returns any HIGH or CRITICAL findings for operating system or programming language package vulnerabilities.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files. Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon S3 event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a stop to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.

B.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files. Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon EvenlBridge event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a step to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.

C.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on basic scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors Amazon GuardDuty events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

D.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on enhanced scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors ECR image scan events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

E.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that scans the Dockerfile. Configure the project to build the Docker images and store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository if the scan is successful. Configure an SNS topic to provide notification if the scan returns any vulnerabilities.

Question 86

A space exploration company receives telemetry data from multiple satellites. Small packets of data are received through Amazon API Gateway and are placed directly into an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue. A custom application is subscribed to the queue and transforms the data into a standard format.

Because of inconsistencies in the data that the satellites produce, the application is occasionally unable to transform the data. In these cases, the messages remain in the SQS queue. A DevOps engineer must develop a solution that retains the failed messages and makes them available to scientists for review and future processing.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Lambda to poll the SQS queue and invoke a Lambda function to check whether the queue messages are valid. If validation fails, send a copy of the data that is not valid to an Amazon S3 bucket so that the scientists can review and correct the data. When the data is corrected, amend the message in the SQS queue by using a replay Lambda function with the corrected data.

B.

Convert the SQS standard queue to an SQS FIFO queue. Configure AWS Lambda to poll the SQS queue every 10 minutes by using an Amazon EventBridge schedule. Invoke the Lambda function to identify any messages with a SentTimestamp value that is older than 5 minutes, push the data to the same location as the application's output location, and remove the messages from the queue.

C.

Create an SQS dead-letter queue. Modify the existing queue by including a redrive policy that sets the Maximum Receives setting to 1 and sets the dead-letter queue ARN to the ARN of the newly created queue. Instruct the scientists to use the dead-letter queue to review the data that is not valid. Reprocess this data at a later time.

D.

Configure API Gateway to send messages to different SQS virtual queues that are named for each of the satellites. Update the application to use a new virtual queue for any data that it cannot transform, and send the message to the new virtual queue. Instruct the scientists to use the virtual queue to review the data that is not valid. Reprocess this data at a later time.

Question 87

A company produces builds for an open source project every day. The company hosts the open source project in a public code repository that the company supports. The company manually invokes a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to build artifacts for the project. The company wants to make the build artifacts publicly available on a website that the company hosts in an Amazon S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project. Set the public repository as the source. Use a webhook to rebuild when the company pushes a code change. Configure the artifacts section of the project to use the S3 bucket as the destination. Set up an appropriate path to store build outputs in the bucket. Disable artifact encryption.

B.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project. Set the public repository as the source. Configure the artifacts section of the project to use the S3 bucket as the destination. Ensure that artifact encryption is enabled in the artifacts configuration. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to initiate the CodeBuild project on a daily schedule.

C.

Add a new stage to the end of the pipeline. Configure the stage to include an action to publish artifacts to the S3 bucket. Update the pipeline to run in response to pull requests to the public repository.

D.

Add a new stage to the end of the pipeline. Configure the stage to include an action to publish artifacts to the S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to initiate the pipeline on a daily schedule.

Question 88

A company wants to ensure that their EC2 instances are secure. They want to be notified if any new vulnerabilities are discovered on their instances and they also want an audit trail of all login activities on the instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Amazon Kinesis Agent to capture system logs and deliver them to Amazon S3.

B.

Use AWS Systems Manager to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Systems Manager Agent to capture system logs and view login activity in the CloudTrail console.

C.

Configure Amazon CloudWatch to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the AWS Config daemon to capture system logs and view them in the AWS Config console.

D.

Configure Amazon Inspector to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Amazon CloudWatch Agent to capture system logs and record them via Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Question 89

A global company manages multiple AWS accounts by using AWS Control Tower. The company hosts internal applications and public applications.

Each application team in the company has its own AWS account for application hosting. The accounts are consolidated in an organization in AWS Organizations. One of the AWS Control Tower member accounts serves as a centralized DevOps account with CI/CD pipelines that application teams use to deploy applications to their respective target AWS accounts. An 1AM role for deployment exists in the centralized DevOps account.

An application team is attempting to deploy its application to an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster in an application AWS account. An 1AM role for deployment exists in the application AWS account. The deployment is through an AWS CodeBuild project that is set up in the centralized DevOps account. The CodeBuild project uses an 1AM service role for CodeBuild. The deployment is failing with an Unauthorized error during attempts to connect to the cross-account EKS cluster from CodeBuild.

Which solution will resolve this error?

Options:

A.

Configure the application account's deployment 1AM role to have a trust relationship with the centralized DevOps account. Configure the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRole action. Configure the application account's deployment 1AM role to have the required access to the EKS cluster. Configure the EKS cluster aws-auth ConfigMap to map the role to the appropriate system permissions.

B.

Configure the centralized DevOps account's deployment I AM role to have a trust relationship with the application account. Configure the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRole action. Configure the centralized DevOps account's deployment 1AM role to allow the required access to CodeBuild.

C.

Configure the centralized DevOps account's deployment 1AM role to have a trust relationship with the application account. Configure the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRoleWithSAML action. Configure the centralized DevOps account's deployment 1AM role to allow the required access to CodeBuild.

D.

Configure the application account's deployment 1AM role to have a trust relationship with the AWS Control Tower management account. Configure the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRole action. Configure the application account's deployment 1AM role to have the required access to the EKS cluster. Configure the EKS cluster aws-auth ConfigMap to map the role to the appropriate system permissions.

Question 90

A company runs a website by using an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service that is connected to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The service was in a steady state with tasks responding to requests successfully. A DevOps engineer updated the task definition with a new container image and deployed the new task definition to the service. The DevOps engineer noticed that the service is frequently stopping and starting new tasks because the ALB health checks are failing. What should the DevOps engineer do to troubleshoot the failed deployment?

Options:

A.

Ensure that a security group associated with the service allows traffic from the ALB.

B.

Increase the ALB health check grace period for the service.

C.

Increase the service minimum healthy percent setting.

D.

Decrease the ALB health check interval.

Question 91

A development team uses AWS CodeCommit for version control for applications. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeBuild. and AWS CodeDeploy for CI/CD infrastructure. In CodeCommit, the development team recently merged pull requests that did not pass long-running tests in the code base. The development team needed to perform rollbacks to branches in the codebase, resulting in lost time and wasted effort.

A DevOps engineer must automate testing of pull requests in CodeCommit to ensure that reviewers more easily see the results of automated tests as part of the pull request review.

What should the DevOps engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestStatusChanged event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild badge as a comment on the pull request so that developers will see the badge in their code review.

B.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestCreated event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild test results as a comment on the pull request when the test results are complete.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to pullRequestCreated and pullRequestSourceBranchUpdated events. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild badge as a comment on the pull request so that developers will see the badge in their code review.

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestStatusChanged event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild test results as a comment on the pull request when the test results are complete.

Question 92

A DevOps engineer needs to configure an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that publishes container images to an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. The pipeline must wait for the previous run to finish and must run when new Git tags are pushed to a Git repository that is connected to AWS CodeConnections. An existing deployment pipeline needs to run in response to the publication of new container images.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a CodePipeline V2 type pipeline that uses QUEUED mode. Add a trigger filter to the pipeline definition that includes all tags. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches container image pushes to start the existing deployment pipeline.

B.

Configure a CodePipeline V2 type pipeline that uses SUPERSEDED mode. Add a trigger filter to the pipeline definition that includes all branches. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches container image pushes to start the existing deployment pipeline.

C.

Configure a CodePipeline V1 type pipeline that uses SUPERSEDED mode. Add a trigger filter to the pipeline definition that includes all tags. Add a stage at the end of the pipeline to invoke the existing deployment pipeline.

D.

Configure a CodePipeline V1 type pipeline that uses QUEUED mode. Add a trigger filter to the pipeline definition that includes all branches. Add a stage at the end of the pipeline to invoke the existing deployment pipeline.

Question 93

A DevOps team manages an API running on-premises that serves as a backend for an Amazon API Gateway endpoint. Customers have been complaining about high response latencies, which the development team has verified using the API Gateway latency metrics in Amazon CloudWatch. To identify the cause, the team needs to collect relevant data without introducing additional latency.

Which actions should be taken to accomplish this? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Install the CloudWatch agent server side and configure the agent to upload relevant logs to CloudWatch.

B.

Enable AWS X-Ray tracing in API Gateway, modify the application to capture request segments, and upload those segments to X-Ray during each request.

C.

Enable AWS X-Ray tracing in API Gateway, modify the application to capture request segments, and use the X-Ray daemon to upload segments to X-Ray.

D.

Modify the on-premises application to send log information back to API Gateway with each request.

E.

Modify the on-premises application to calculate and upload statistical data relevant to the API service requests to CloudWatch metrics.

Question 94

A company recently launched multiple applications that use Application Load Balancers. Application response time often slows down when the applications experience problems A DevOps engineer needs to Implement a monitoring solution that alerts the company when the applications begin to perform slowly The DevOps engineer creates an Amazon Simple Notification Semce (Amazon SNS) topic and subscribe the company's email address to the topic

What should the DevOps engineer do next to meet the requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that invokes an AWS Lambda function to query the applications on a 5-minute interval Configure the Lambda function to publish a notification to the SNS topic when the applications return errors.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics canary that runs a custom script to query the applications on a 5-minute interval. Configure the canary to use the SNS topic when the applications return errors.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that uses the AWS/AppljcabonELB namespace RequestCountPerTarget metric Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification when the number of connections becomes greater than the configured number of threads that the application supports Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the SNS topic.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that uses the AWS/ApplicationELB namespace RequestCountPerTarget metric Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification when the average response time becomes greater than the longest response time that the application supports Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the SNS topic

Question 95

A company has containerized all of its in-house quality control applications. The company is running Jenkins on Amazon EC2 instances, which require patching and upgrading. The compliance officer has requested a DevOps engineer begin encrypting build artifacts since they contain company intellectual property.

What should the DevOps engineer do to accomplish this in the MOST maintainable manner?

Options:

A.

Automate patching and upgrading using AWS Systems Manager on EC2 instances and encrypt Amazon EBS volumes by default.

B.

Deploy Jenkins to an Amazon ECS cluster and copy build artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket with default encryption enabled.

C.

Leverage AWS CodePipeline with a build action and encrypt the artifacts using AWS Secrets Manager.

D.

Use AWS CodeBuild with artifact encryption to replace the Jenkins instance running on EC2 instances.

Question 96

A company uses Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) for all images of the company's containerized infrastructure. The company uses the pull through cache functionality with the /external prefix to avoid throttling when the company retrieves images from external image registries. The company uses AWS Organizations for its accounts.

Every image in the registry must be encrypted with a specific, pre-provisioned AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The company's internally created images already comply with this policy. However, cached external images use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3).

The company must remove the noncompliant cache repositories. The company must also implement a secure solution to ensure that all new pull through cache repositories are automatically encrypted with the required KMS key.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Config. Add a custom rule that uses Guard syntax. Write the rule to enable KMS encryption for new repositories.

B.

Configure an ECR repository creation template for the prefix. Specify the KMS key. Wait for the repositories to repopulate.

C.

Configure an SCP for all AWS accounts that requires all ECR repositories to be KMS encrypted.

D.

Create a new Amazon EventBridge rule that triggers on all "ECR Pull Through Cache Action" events. Set AWS KMS as the rule target.

Question 97

A company in a highly regulated industry is building an artifact by using AWS CodeBuild and AWS CodePipeline. The company must connect to an external authenticated API during the building process.

The company's DevOps engineer needs to encrypt the build outputs by using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The external API credentials must be reset each month. The DevOps engineer has created a new key in AWS KMS.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Store the API credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Update the key policy for the CodeBuild IAM service role to have access to the KMS key. Set CODEBUILD_KMS_KEY_ID as the new key ID.

B.

Store the API credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Update the key policy for the CodePipeline IAM service role to have access to the KMS key. Add the key to the pipeline.

C.

Store the API credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Update the key policy for the CodeBuild IAM service role to have access to the KMS key. Set CODEBUILD_KMS_KEY_ID as the new key ID.

D.

Store the API credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Update the key policy for the CodePipeline IAM service role to have access to the KMS key. Add the key to the pipeline.

Question 98

A DevOps engineer is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy a web service. The web service will run on Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The DevOps engineer must ensure that the service can accept requests from clients that have IPv6 addresses.

What should the DevOps engineer do with the CloudFormation template so that IPv6 clients can access the web service?

Options:

A.

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and the private subnet for the EC2 instances. Create route table entries for the IPv6 network, use EC2 instance types that support IPv6, and assign IPv6 addresses to each EC2 instance.

B.

Assign each EC2 instance an IPv6 Elastic IP address. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener on port 443 of the ALB, and associate the target group with the ALB.

C.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the NLB, and assign the NLB an IPv6 Elastic IP address.

D.

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the ALB. Create a listener on port 443. and specify the dualstack IP address type on the ALB. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Associate the target group with the ALB.

Question 99

A company uses Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda functions to implement an API. The company uses a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to build and deploy the API. The pipeline contains a source stage, build stage, and deployment stage.

The company deploys the API without performing smoke tests. Soon after the deployment, the company observes multiple issues with the API. A security audit finds security vulnerabilities in the production code.

The company wants to prevent these issues from happening in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage for automatic rollback.

B.

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the smoke test script returns an error code.

C.

Add an action in the build stage that uses Amazon Inspector to scan the Lambda function code after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings. D. Add an action in the build stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

D.

Add an action in the deployment stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

Question 100

A company is building a new pipeline by using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild in a build account. The pipeline consists of two stages. The first stage is a CodeBuild job to build and package an AWS Lambda function. The second stage consists of deployment actions that operate on two different AWS accounts a development environment account and a production environment account. The deployment stages use the AWS Cloud Format ion action that CodePipeline invokes to deploy the infrastructure that the Lambda function requires.

A DevOps engineer creates the CodePipeline pipeline and configures the pipeline to encrypt build artifacts by using the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for Amazon S3 (the aws/s3 key). The artifacts are stored in an S3 bucket When the pipeline runs, the Cloud Formation actions fail with an access denied error.

Which combination of actions must the DevOps engineer perform to resolve this error? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an S3 bucket in each AWS account for the artifacts Allow the pipeline to write to the S3 buckets. Create a CodePipeline S3 action to copy the artifacts to the S3 bucket in each AWS account Update the CloudFormation actions to reference the artifacts S3 bucket in the production account.

B.

Create a customer managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the IAM roles used by the CloudFormation action to perform decrypt operations Modify the pipeline to use the customer managed KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

C.

Create an AWS managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the development account and the production account to perform decrypt operations. Modify the pipeline to use the KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

D.

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline. Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormation operations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipeline account configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

E.

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormationoperations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipelme account modify the artifacts S3 bucket policy to allow the roles access Configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

Question 101

A large company recently acquired a small company. The large company invited the small company to join the large company's existing organization in AWS Organizations as a new OU. A DevOps engineer determines that the small company needs to launch t3.small Amazon EC2 instance types for the company's application workloads. The small company needs to deploy the instances only within US-based AWS Regions. The DevOps engineer needs to use an SCP in the small company's new OU to ensure that the small company can launch only the required instance types. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

B.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

C.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

D.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

Question 102

A company has multiple development teams in different business units that work in a shared single AWS account All Amazon EC2 resources that are created in the account must include tags that specify who created the resources. The tagging must occur within the first hour of resource creation.

A DevOps engineer needs to add tags to the created resources that Include the user ID that created the resource and the cost center ID The DevOps engineer configures an AWS Lambda Function with the cost center mappings to tag the resources. The DevOps engineer also sets up AWS CloudTrail in the AWS account. An Amazon S3 bucket stores the CloudTrail event logs

Which solution will meet the tagging requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 event notification on the S3 bucket to invoke the Lambda function for s3. ObJectTagging:Put events. Enable bucket versioning on the S3 bucket.

B.

Enable server access logging on the S3 bucket. Create an S3 event notification on the S3 bucket for s3. ObjectTaggIng.• events

C.

Create a recurring hourly Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Larnbda function. Modify the Lambda function to read the logs from the S3 bucket

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses Amazon EC2 as the event source. Configure the rule to match events delivered by CloudTraiI. Configure the rule to target the Lambda function

Question 103

A company runs its container workloads in AWS App Runner. A DevOps engineer manages the company's container repository in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR).

The DevOps engineer must implement a solution that continuously monitors the container repository. The solution must create a new container image when the solution detects an operating system vulnerability or language package vulnerability.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use EC2 Image Builder to create a container image pipeline. Use Amazon ECR as the target repository. Turn on enhanced scanning on the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture an Inspector2 finding event. Use the event to invoke the image pipeline. Re-upload the container to the repository.

B.

Use EC2 Image Builder to create a container image pipeline. Use Amazon ECR as the target repository. Enable Amazon GuardDuty Malware Protection on the container workload. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture a GuardDuty finding event. Use the event to invoke the image pipeline.

C.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project to create a container image. Use Amazon ECR as the target repository. Turn on basic scanning on the repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture an ECR image action event. Use the event to invoke the CodeBuild project. Re-upload the container to the repository.

D.

Create an AWS CodeBuild project to create a container image. Use Amazon ECR as the target repository. Configure AWS Systems Manager Compliance to scan all managed nodes. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture a configuration compliance state change event. Use the event to invoke the CodeBuild project.

Question 104

A company has a mission-critical application on AWS that uses automatic scaling The company wants the deployment lilecycle to meet the following parameters.

• The application must be deployed one instance at a time to ensure the remaining fleet continues to serve traffic

• The application is CPU intensive and must be closely monitored

• The deployment must automatically roll back if the CPU utilization of the deployment instance exceeds 85%.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CloudFormalion to create an AWS Step Functions state machine and Auto Scaling hfecycle hooks to move to one instance at a time into a wait state Use AWS Systems Manager automation to deploy the update to each instance and move it back into the Auto Scaling group using the heartbeat timeout

B.

Use AWS CodeDeploy with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. Configure an alarm tied to the CPU utilization metric. Use the CodeDeployDefault OneAtAtime configuration as a deployment strategy Configure automatic rollbacks within the deployment group to roll back the deployment if the alarm thresholds are breached

C.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk for load balancing and AWS Auto Scaling Configure an alarm tied to the CPU utilization metric Configure rolling deployments with a fixed batch size of one instance Enable enhanced health to monitor the status of the deployment and roll back based on the alarm previously created.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to perform a blue/green deployment with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling Configure an alarm tied to the CPU utilization metric Deploy updates one at a time Configure automatic rollbacks within the Auto Scaling group to roll back the deployment if the alarm thresholds are breached

Question 105

A DevOps engineer needs to apply a core set of security controls to an existing set of AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Individual teams will administer individual accounts by using the AdministratorAccess AWS managed policy. For all accounts. AWS CloudTrail and AWS Config must be turned on in all available AWS Regions. Individual account administrators must not be able to edit or delete any of the baseline resources. However, individual account administrators must be able to edit or delete their own CloudTrail trails and AWS Config rules.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization's management account by using CloudFormation StackSets. Set the stack policy to deny Update:Delete actions.

B.

Enable AWS Control Tower. Enroll the existing accounts in AWS Control Tower. Grant the individual account administrators access to CloudTrail and AWS Config.

C.

Designate an AWS Config management account. Create AWS Config recorders in all accounts by using AWS CloudFormation StackSets. Deploy AWS Config rules to the organization by using the AWS Config management account. Create a CloudTrail organization trail in the organization’s management account. Deny modification or deletion of the AWS Config recorders by using an SCP.

D.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization's management account by using Cloud Formation StackSets Create an SCP that prevents updates or deletions to CloudTrail resources or AWS Config resources unless the principal is an administrator of the organization's management account.

Question 106

A company uses Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with an Amazon EC2 launch type. The company requires all log data to be centralized on Amazon CloudWatch. The company's ECS tasks include a LogConfiguration object that specifies a value of awslogs for the log driver name.

The company's ECS tasks failed to deploy. An error message indicates that a missing permission causes the failure. The company confirmed that the IAM role used to launch container instances includes the logs:CreateLogGroup, logs:CreateLogStream, and logs:PutLogEvents permissions.

Which solution will fix the problem?

Options:

A.

Add an IAM trust policy to the IAM role that establishes Amazon ECS as a trusted service.

B.

Add the logs:PutDestination permission to the policy applied to the IAM role.

C.

Remove the logs:CreateLogStream permission from the policy applied to the IAM role.

D.

Add an IAM trust policy to the IAM role that establishes CloudWatch as a trusted service.

Question 107

A company uses a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to upload AWS CloudFormation templates to an Amazon S3 bucket. The pipeline uses the templates to deploy CloudFormation stacks that match the names of the templates.

The company has experienced issues when it tries to revert templates to a previous version. To prevent these issues, the company must have the ability to review template modifications before the modifications are deployed to production.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure a connection in AWS CodeConnections to a Git repository. Store the templates in the Git repository. Configure a pull request workflow to review template modifications. Configure AWS CloudFormation Git sync for the stacks.

B.

Add a manual review action in the pipeline to review modifications to the template code before the stack deployments.

C.

Update the pipeline to invoke an AWS Lambda function to check the template modifications before the stack deployments.

D.

Configure a connection in AWS CodeConnections to a Git repository. Store the templates in the Git repository. Configure the pipeline to include a source action that uses the connection. Add a manual review action to the pipeline to review template modifications before the stack deployments.

Question 108

A company plans to use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs to stop EC2 instances when the average of the NetworkPacketsIn metric is less than 5 for at least 3 hours in a 12-hour time window. The company must evaluate the metric every hour. The EC2 instances must continue to run if there is missing data for the NetworkPacketsIn metric during the evaluation period.

A DevOps engineer creates a CloudWatch alarm for the NetworkPacketsIn metric. The DevOps engineer configures a threshold value of 5 and an evaluation period of 1 hour.

Which set of additional actions should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 3 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as breaching the threshold. Add an AWS Systems Manager action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

B.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 3 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as not breaching the threshold. Add an EC2 action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

C.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 9 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as breaching the threshold. Add an EC2 action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

D.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 9 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as not breaching the threshold. Add an AWS Systems Manager action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

Question 109

A company is developing code and wants to use semantic versioning. The company's DevOps team needs to create a pipeline for compiling the code. The team also needs to manage versions of the compiled code. If the code uses any open source libraries, the libraries must also be cached in the build process. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository and associate the upstream repositories. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the semantic version of the code artifacts. Configure the project to authenticate and connect to the CodeArtifact repository and publish the artifact to the repository.

B.

Use AWS CodeDeploy to upload the generated semantic version of the artifact to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

C.

Use an AWS CodeBuild project to build the code and to publish the generated semantic version of the artifact to AWS Artifact. Configure build caching in the CodeBuild project.

D.

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that pulls open source packages from the internet and publishes the packages to the repository. Configure AWS CodeDeploy to build semantic versions of the code and publish the versions to the repository.

Question 110

A company has developed a static website hosted on an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is deployed using AWS CloudFormation. The CloudFormation template defines an S3 bucket and a custom resource that copies content into the bucket from a source location.

The company has decided that it needs to move the website to a new location, so the existing CloudFormation stack must be deleted and re-created. However, CloudFormation reports that the stack could not be deleted cleanly.

What is the MOST likely cause and how can the DevOps engineer mitigate this problem for this and future versions of the website?

Options:

A.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket has an active website configuration. Modify the Cloud Formation template to remove the WebsiteConfiguration properly from the S3 bucket resource.

B.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the custom resource's AWS Lambda function code to recursively empty the bucket when RequestType is Delete.

C.

Deletion has failed because the custom resource does not define a deletion policy. Add a DeletionPolicy property to the custom resource definition with a value of RemoveOnDeletion.

D.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the S3 bucket resource in the CloudFormation template to add a DeletionPolicy property with a value of Empty.

Question 111

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to deploy an application. According to a new guideline, a member of the company's security team must sign off on any application changes before the changes are deployed into production. The approval must be recorded and retained.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure CodePipeline to write actions to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

B.

Configure CodePipeline to write actions to an Amazon S3 bucket at the end of each pipeline stage.

C.

Create an AWS CloudTrail trail to deliver logs to Amazon S3.

D.

Create a CodePipeline custom action to invoke an AWS Lambda function for approval. Create a policy that gives the security team access to manage CodePipeline custom actions.

E.

Create a CodePipeline manual approval action before the deployment step. Create a policy that grants the security team access to approve manual approval stages.

Question 112

A company gives its employees limited rights to AWS DevOps engineers have the ability to assume an administrator role. For tracking purposes, the security team wants to receive a near-real-time notification when the administrator role is assumed.

How should this be accomplished?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Config to publish logs to an Amazon S3 bucket Use Amazon Athena to query the logs and send a notification to the security team when the administrator role is assumed

B.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to monitor when the administrator role is assumed and send a notification to the security team

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge event rule using an AWS Management Console sign-in events event pattern that publishes a message to an Amazon SNS topic if the administrator role is assumed

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge events rule using an AWS API call that uses an AWS CloudTrail event pattern to invoke an AWS Lambda function that publishes a message to an Amazon SNS topic if the administrator role is assumed.

Question 113

A company uses AWS Lambda functions in the primary operating AWS Region of its AWS account. The company manually created the Lambda functions.

The company needs to use a Python-based AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) application to manage the Lambda functions.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort?

Options:

A.

Start a partial scan by using the AWS CloudFormation IaC generator. Filter by the Lambda resource type. Create an AWS CDK app from the scanned resources.

B.

Start a partial scan by using the AWS CloudFormation IaC generator. Filter by the Lambda resource type. Create a CloudFormation template from the scanned resources. Convert the template to an AWS CDK app.

C.

Start a partial scan by using the AWS CloudFormation IaC generator. Filter by the Lambda resource type. Create a CloudFormation template. Replace the code properties, then convert the template to an AWS CDK app.

D.

Create a resource inventory by using AWS Config. Filter by the Lambda resource type. Export the inventory to a .csv file. Write an AWS CDK app that references the Lambda functions from the .csv file.

Question 114

A company is testing a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The company uses a blue green deployment process with immutable instances when deploying new software.

During testing users are being automatically logged out of the application at random times. Testers also report that when a new version of the application is deployed all users are logged out. The development team needs a solution to ensure users remain logged m across scaling events and application deployments.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to ensure users remain logged in?

Options:

A.

Enable smart sessions on the load balancer and modify the application to check tor an existing session.

B.

Enable session sharing on the toad balancer and modify the application to read from the session store.

C.

Store user session information in an Amazon S3 bucket and modify the application to read session information from the bucket.

D.

Modify the application to store user session information in an Amazon ElastiCache cluster.

Question 115

A company frequently creates Docker images stored in Amazon ECR, with both tagged and untagged versions. The company wants to delete stale or unused images while keeping a minimum count.

Which solution meets this requirement?

Options:

A.

Use S3 lifecycle policies (not applicable).

B.

Use ECR Lifecycle Policies based on image age or count.

C.

Schedule Lambda to delete by age.

D.

Use Systems Manager automation scripts.

Question 116

A DevOps engineer needs to design a cloud-based solution to standardize deployment artifacts for AWS Cloud deployments and on-premises deployments. There is currently no routing traffic between the on-premises data center and the AWS environment.

The solution must be able to consume downstream packages from public repositories and must be highly available. Data must be encrypted in transit and at rest. The solution must store the deployment artifacts in object storage and deploy the deployment artifacts into Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The deployment artifacts must be encrypted in transit if the deployment artifacts travel across the public internet.

The DevOps engineer needs to deploy this solution in less than two weeks.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use a third-party software VPN appliance to connect the on-premises data center and AWS. Use AWS CodeArtifact to store the deployment artifacts.

B.

Use an AWS Direct Connect connection and a VPN connection to connect the on-premises data center to AWS. Deploy third-party artifact management software on Amazon EC2 instances.

C.

Use two AWS VPN connections to connect the on-premises data center to AWS. Use AWS CodeArtifact to store the deployment artifacts.

D.

Use parallel AWS Direct Connect connections to connect the on-premises data center to AWS. Deploy third-party artifact management software on Amazon EC2 instances.

Question 117

A company has enabled all features for its organization in AWS Organizations. The organization contains 10 AWS accounts. The company has turned on AWS CloudTrail in all the accounts. The company expects the number of AWS accounts in the organization to increase to 500 during the next year. The company plans to use multiple OUs for these accounts.

The company has enabled AWS Config in each existing AWS account in the organization. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that enables AWS Config automatically for all future AWS accounts that are created in the organization.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

In the organization's management account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to a CreateAccount API call. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that enables trusted access to AWS Config for the organization.

B.

In the organization's management account, create an AWS CloudFormation stack set to enable AWS Config. Configure the stack set to deploy automatically when an account is created through Organizations.

C.

In the organization's management account, create an SCP that allows the appropriate AWS Config API calls to enable AWS Config. Apply the SCP to the root-level OU.

D.

In the organization's management account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to a CreateAccount API call. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to enable AWS Config for the account.

Question 118

A company is migrating from its on-premises data center to AWS. The company currently uses a custom on-premises CI/CD pipeline solution to build and package software.

The company wants its software packages and dependent public repositories to be available in AWS CodeArtifact to facilitate the creation of application-specific pipelines.

Which combination of steps should the company take to update the CI/CD pipeline solution and to configure CodeArtifact with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update the CI/CD pipeline to create a VM image that contains newly packaged software Use AWS Import/Export to make the VM image available as anAmazon EC2 AMI. Launch the AMI with an attached 1AM instance profile that allows CodeArtifact actions. Use AWS CLI commands to publish the packages to a CodeArtifact repository.

B.

Create an AWS Identity and Access Management Roles Anywhere trust anchor Create an 1AM role that allows CodeArtifact actions and that has a trust relationship on the trust anchor. Update the on-premises CI/CD pipeline to assume the new 1AM role and to publish the packages to CodeArtifact.

C.

Create a new Amazon S3 bucket. Generate a presigned URL that allows the PutObject request. Update the on-premises CI/CD pipeline to use thepresigned URL to publish the packages from the on-premises location to the S3 bucket. Create an AWS Lambda function that runs when packages are created in the bucket through a put command Configure the Lambda function to publish the packages to CodeArtifact

D.

For each public repository, create a CodeArtifact repository that is configured with an external connection Configure the dependent repositories as upstream public repositories.

E.

Create a CodeArtifact repository that is configured with a set of external connections to the public repositories. Configure the external connections to be downstream of the repository

Question 119

A DevOps engineer is working on a member account in an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled. The account has sensitive data stored in Amazon S3 buckets.

The DevOps engineer must ensure that all public access to S3 buckets in the account is blocked. If the account-level S3 Block Public Access settings change in the future, the changes must be reverted automatically so that all public access is blocked again.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Security Hub in the account. Enable the Security Hub control to evaluate the account-level Block Public Access settings. Enable automated remediation for the Security Hub control.

B.

Set up AWS Config in the account. Create an AWS Config managed rule that evaluates the account-level Block Public Access settings. Enable automatic remediation for the rule by using a predefined AWS Systems Manager runbook to configure S3 Block Public Access settings.

C.

In the organization’s management account, create an SCP that denies S3 actions from outside the AWS account. Attach the SCP to the member account.

D.

Enable Amazon Macie in the account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule with an event pattern that matches Macie policy findings. Configure the rule with an EventBridge target to run a predefined AWS Systems Manager runbook to configure S3 Block Public Access settings.

Question 120

A DevOps engineer uses AWS WAF to manage web ACLs across an AWS account. The DevOps engineer must ensure that AWS WAF is enabled for all Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in the account. The DevOps engineer uses an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy an individual ALB and AWS WAF as part of each application stack's deployment process. If AWS WAF is removed from the ALB after the ALB is deployed, AWS WAF must be added to the ALB automatically.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to add AWS WAF to an ALB. Edit the rule to automatically remediate. Select the Systems Manager Automation document as the remediation action.

B.

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to send all AWS Config ConfigurationItemChangeNotification notification types to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to call the AWS Config start-resource-evaluation API in detective mode.

C.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to modify the ALB attributes with waf.fail_open.enabled set to true if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

D.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to delete and redeploy the CloudFormation stack if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

Question 121

A company deployed an Amazon CloudFront distribution that accepts requests and routes to an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API. During a recent security audit, the company discovered that requests from the internet could reach the HTTP API without using the CloudFront distribution.

A DevOps engineer must ensure that connections to the HTTP API use the CloudFront distribution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable VPC Flow Logs to identify requests that reach the HTTP API.

B.

Deploy AWS WAF in front of the CloudFront distribution.

C.

Implement an identity-based policy on the CloudFront distribution that requires authentication to make requests to the HTTP API.

D.

Implement a custom header in the CloudFront distribution. Implement an AWS Lambda authorizer associated with the HTTP API that verifies the custom header.

Question 122

A company wants to migrate its content sharing web application hosted on Amazon EC2 to a serverless architecture. The company currently deploys changes to its application by creating a new Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances and a new Elastic Load Balancer, and then shifting the traffic away using an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy.

For its new serverless application, the company is planning to use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The company will need to update its deployment processes to work with the new application. It will also need to retain the ability to test new features on a small number of users before rolling the features out to the entire user base.

Which deployment strategy will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CDK to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions. When code needs to be changed, update the AWS CloudFormation stack and deploy the new version of the APIs and Lambda functions. Use a Route 53 failover routing policy for the canary release strategy.

B.

Use AWS CloudFormation to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions using Lambda function versions. When code needs to be changed, update the CloudFormation stack with the new Lambda code and update the API versions using a canary release strategy. Promote the new version when testing is complete.

C.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions. When code needs to be changed, deploy a new version of the API and Lambda functions. Shift traffic gradually using an Elastic Beanstalk blue/green deployment.

D.

Use AWS OpsWorks to deploy API Gateway in the service layer and Lambda functions in a custom layer. When code needs to be changed, use OpsWorks to perform a blue/green deployment and shift traffic gradually.

Question 123

A company has migrated its container-based applications to Amazon EKS and want to establish automated email notifications. The notifications sent to each email address are for specific activities related to EKS components. The solution will include Amazon SNS topics and an AWS Lambda function to evaluate incoming log events and publish messages to the correct SNS topic.

Which logging solution will support these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs to log the EKS components. Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for each component with Lambda as the subscription feed destination.

B.

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs to log the EKS components. Create CloudWatch Logs Insights queries linked to Amazon EventBridge events that invoke Lambda.

C.

Enable Amazon S3 logging for the EKS components. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch subscription filter for each component with Lambda as the subscription feed destination.

D.

Enable Amazon S3 logging for the EKS components. Configure S3 PUT Object event notifications with AWS Lambda as the destination.

Question 124

A company built its serverless infrastructure on AWS. The infrastructure consists of an Amazon API Gateway REST API, multiple AWS Lambda functions, and Amazon EventBridge.

The company wants to be aware of any new supply chain attacks that the company's CI/CD pipelines do not catch. The company needs a solution to detect malicious activity in the deployed application.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS WAF for the API Gateway REST API. Configure an AWS WAF ACL. Add the known bad inputs managed rule group.

B.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty. Enable Lambda Protection. Use EventBridge for event notifications.

C.

Deploy AWS CloudFormation Guard in the CI/CD pipelines. Write rules to catch the supply chain attacks.

D.

Create a firewall in AWS Network Firewall. Configure a policy. Add the managed rule for the Emerging Threats rule group.

Question 125

A DevOps engineer is building an application that uses an AWS Lambda function to query an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster. The Lambda function performs only read queries. Amazon EventBridge events invoke the Lambda function.

As more events invoke the Lambda function each second, the database's latency increases and the database's throughput decreases. The DevOps engineer needs to improve the performance of the application.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to create a proxy. Connect the proxy to the Aurora cluster reader endpoint. Set a maximum connections percentage on the proxy.

B.

Implement database connection pooling inside the Lambda code. Set a maximum number of connections on the database connection pool.

C.

Implement the database connection opening outside the Lambda event handler code.

D.

Implement the database connection opening and closing inside the Lambda event handler code.

E.

Connect to the proxy endpoint from the Lambda function.

F.

Connect to the Aurora cluster endpoint from the Lambda function.

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